Cognitive performance rather than symptoms, especially positive symptoms, is regarded as the primary predictor of functional outcome in schizophrenia. However, contradictory evidence exists and many studies fail to sample from the extremes of outcome measures. This study tested whether the differential importance assigned to symptoms and cognitive impairment is supportable in patients with high and low levels of community independence. Schizophrenia patients with highly unfavorable (n=24) and highly favorable (n=28) functional outcomes as defined by community support requirements were studied. Standard cognitive and psychopathology measures were analyzed using independent groups comparisons and outcome prediction with logistic regression methods. Symptom severity and cognitive data separately accounted for significant amounts of variance in community independence. Positive as well as negative symptoms, non-psychotic psychopathology and cognition generated large effect sizes between highly unfavorable and favorable outcome groups. The conditional validity of both overall psychopathology and positive symptoms was significant over and above the contribution of cognition to outcome prediction. Results suggest researchers may have underestimated the role of psychopathology in general and positive symptoms in particular as potential determinants of functional status in schizophrenia.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2009.01.001 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Therapeutic impacts of recalling and processing positive autobiographical memories on posttrauma health: An open-label study.
J Trauma Stress
January 2025
Department of Clinical, Educational, and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK.
The processing of positive memories technique (PPMT) entails detailed narration and processing of specific positive autobiographical memories (AM) and has shown promise in improving posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. We examined whether participants receiving PPMT reported decreases in PTSD and depressive symptom severity, negative affect levels/reactivity, posttrauma cognitions, and positive emotion dysregulation, as well as increases in positive affect levels/reactivity and the number of retrieved positive AMs across four PPMT sessions. Individuals (N = 70) recruited from the community completed surveys at baseline (pre-PPMT), each PPMT session, and after completing all four PPMT sessions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBody Composition at Diagnosis and Early Response in Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev
January 2025
University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
Background: The association between skeletal muscle and adipose tissue (body composition) and early response using positron emission tomography (PET) in pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) remains unstudied.
Methods: Patients enrolled on Children's Oncology Group studies AHOD0031 (intermediate-risk HL) and AHOD0831 (high-risk HL) with digital abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans at diagnosis and PET scans after 2 cycles (PET2) were included. Two consecutive slices at the third lumbar vertebra were identified and skeletal muscle index (SMI, in cm2/m2) and total adipose tissue index (TATI, in cm2/m2) were calculated using sliceOmatic (Magog, Canada) and height at diagnosis.
Evaluating the clinical utility of , and bronchoalveolar PCRs for the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary infections in patients with hematological malignancies.
J Clin Microbiol
January 2025
Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.
Invasive pulmonary infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with hematological malignancies and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) recipients. A delay in identifying a causative agent may result in late initiation of appropriate treatment and adverse clinical outcomes. We examine the diagnostic utility of PCR-based assays in evaluating invasive pulmonary infections from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPatient perspective: Is intensive screening of women at high risk of breast cancer evidence-based medicine or ?
Womens Health (Lond)
January 2025
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Midwestern University College of Pharmacy, Glendale Campus, Glendale, AZ, USA.
In 2023, a breast cancer risk assessment and a subsequent positive test for the BRCA-2 genetic mutation brought me to the uncomfortable intersection of a longstanding career as an advocate for high-quality medical evidence to support shared patient-provider decision making and a new role as a high-risk patient. My search for studies of available risk-management options revealed that the most commonly recommended approach for women with a ⩾20% lifetime breast cancer risk, intensive screening including annual mammography and/or magnetic resonance imaging beginning at age 25-40 years, was supported only by cancer-detection statistics, with almost no evidence on patient-centered outcomes-mortality, physical and psychological morbidity, or quality of life-compared with standard screening or a surgical alternative, bilateral risk-reducing mastectomy. In this commentary, I explore parallels between the use of the intensive screening protocol and another longstanding women's health recommendation based on limited evidence, the use of hormone therapy (HT) for postmenopausal chronic disease prevention, which was sharply curtailed after the publication of the groundbreaking Women's Health Initiative trial in 2002.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBeyond the Score: Exploring the Associations Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Electrophysiological Responses to Errors.
Stress Health
February 2025
Psychology Department, Mount St. Vincent University, Halifax, Canada.
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have diverse effects on physical development and mental health. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between the quantity of ACE exposure, type of ACE exposure, and subjective level of stress felt, correlated with event-related potential activity across the scalp, while controlling for relevant confounding variables. Fifty-three participants aged 18-32 years completed questionnaires assessing their current mental health, self-regulation, childhood socioeconomic status, and history of traumatic events.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!