Radar-based microwave imaging has been proposed as a complementary modality for early stage breast cancer screening. A considerable challenge for the successful implementation of this technique is the reduction of clutter, or components of the signal originating from objects other than the tumor. To remedy problems that arise due to the breast shape, size and tissue variations, a novel technique is presented that identifies and localizes the source of a target response. The ability of the algorithm to predict the time-of-arrival of a tumor response in a signal corrupted by clutter is demonstrated.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2008.4649965 | DOI Listing |
Int J Hyperthermia
December 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.
Purpose: In magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) breast therapies, the focal location must be characterized to guide successful treatment. Focal characterization is difficult because heterogeneous breast tissues introduce phase aberrations that blur and shift the focus and traditional guidance methods do not work in adipose tissues. The purpose of this work is to evaluate numerical simulations of MRgFUS that predict the focal location.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUltrasonics
December 2024
Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering and Mechanics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering Department, Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
In the field of engineering structural health monitoring, acoustic source localization (ASL) is a common method to monitor early damage. Most of the existing ASL techniques have high requirements for accurate acquisition of time of arrival, and require complex iterative algorithms or signal processing techniques, which are not conducive to real-time monitoring. In this paper, a signal energy approach of acoustic source localization in plate structures using a discrete sensor array is proposed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPNAS Nexus
November 2024
Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SZ, United Kingdom.
Human mobility is strongly associated with the spread of SARS-CoV-2 via air travel on an international scale and with population mixing and the number of people moving between locations on a local scale. However, these conclusions are drawn mostly from observations in the context of the global north where international and domestic connectivity is heavily influenced by the air travel network; scenarios where land-based mobility can also dominate viral spread remain understudied. Furthermore, research on the effects of nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) has mostly focused on national- or regional-scale implementations, leaving gaps in our understanding of the potential benefits of implementing NPIs at higher granularity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
August 2024
Department of Photonics & Graduate Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
New applications such as augmented reality/virtual reality (AR/VR), Internet-of-Things (IOT), autonomous mobile robot (AMR) services, etc., require high reliability and high accuracy real-time positioning and tracking of persons and devices in indoor areas. Among the different visible-light-positioning (VLP) schemes, such as proximity, time-of-arrival (TOA), time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA), angle-of-arrival (AOA), and received-signal-strength (RSS), the RSS scheme is relatively easy to implement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
August 2024
Department of Public Health, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
A critical problem that Emergency Departments (EDs) must address is overcrowding, as it causes extended waiting times and increased patient dissatisfaction, both of which are immediately linked to a greater number of patients who leave the ED early, without any evaluation by a healthcare provider (Leave Without Being Seen, LWBS). This has an impact on the hospital in terms of missing income from lost opportunities to offer treatment and, in general, of negative outcomes from the ED process. Consequently, healthcare managers must be able to forecast and control patients who leave the ED without being evaluated in advance.
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