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Dendritic cells (DCs) are key cellular components of the immune system and perform critical functions in innate and acquired immunity. In mammals, it is generally believed that DCs originate exclusively from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Using a temporal-spatial resolved fate-mapping system, here we show that in zebrafish, DCs arise from two sources: dorsal aorta-born endothelium-derived hematopoietic progenitors (EHPs) and HSCs.

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This study employed large eddy simulation (LES) with the wall-adapting local eddy-viscosity (WALE) model to investigate transitional flow characteristics in an idealized model of a healthy thoracic aorta. The OpenFOAM solver pimpleFoam was used to simulate blood flow as an incompressible Newtonian fluid, with the aortic walls treated as rigid boundaries. Simulations were conducted for 30 cardiac cycles and ensemble averaging was employed to ensure statistically reliable results.

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Paradoxical embolism occurs when a clot originates in the venous system and traverses through a pulmonary or intracardiac shunt into the systemic circulation, with a mortality rate of around 18%. The risk factors for arterial embolism and venous thrombosis are similar, but different disease entities can lead to a hypercoagulable state of the blood, including antithrombin III (AT III) deficiency. We report the case of a 43-year-old man with a massive central pulmonary embolism with a rider embolus and concomitant aortic arch embolism with involvement of the brachiocephalic trunk, bilateral subclavian and axillary arteries, and the right vertebral artery, followed by a secondary ischaemic stroke.

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Surgical treatment of anomalous aortic origin of the coronary artery in paediatric patients: a Chinese single-center experience.

BMC Surg

January 2025

Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.

Purpose: An anomalous aortic origin of the coronary artery (AAOCA) is a rare congenital heart disease. Some high-risk anatomical structures are at risk of inducing cardiogenic shock or even sudden death. This article summarizes our surgical experience with AAOCA in paediatric patients.

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