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A New Short-Term Assessment Condition for Evaluating Nonfunctional Electromyographic Activity of Masseter Muscle During Wakefulness.
J Oral Rehabil
January 2025
Department of Masticatory Function and Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo (Former Name: Tokyo Medical and Dental University), Tokyo, Japan.
Background: Awake bruxism involves masticatory muscle activity during wakefulness, potentially leading to clinical concerns. Accurate electromyography (EMG) assessment is challenging with brief durations.
Objective: To establish a reliable, short-term measure for nonfunctional masseter muscle activity during wakefulness.
Neural structural alterations correlates of quadriceps muscle strength deficits in patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
Asia Pac J Sports Med Arthrosc Rehabil Technol
January 2025
Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Background: Persistent maladaptive changes of corticospinal tract (CST) and quadriceps strength deficits exist in patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). This study aimed to investigate the relationships between the structural alterations of CST and quadriceps muscle strength deficits in patients with ACLR.
Methods: Twenty-nine participants who had undergone unilateral ACLR (29 males; age = 32.
The Eagle Eyes: an Intervention Utilizing Visual Thinking Strategies to Enhance the Observation Skills of Medical Students.
BMC Med Educ
January 2025
Visual Thinking Strategies and an Independent Writer and Educator, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Background: Visual Thinking Strategies (VTS) is an evidence-based pedagogical approach that uses art analysis and structured inquiry to enhance observation, critical thinking, and teamwork, especially in medical training for clinical skills development. This study aimed to compare the short-term and delayed follow-up effects of integrating Visual Thinking Strategies and Visual Thinking Activity (VTA) tasks based on the PRISM Model with Observation Exercises (OE) on medical students' observation skills, including the number of observations, number of words used, and time spent describing observations.
Method: This pre- and post-test experimental study with a control group was conducted among first-year medical students at Gonabad University of Medical Sciences during the 2023-2024 academic year.
Background: Elderly individuals living alone represent a vulnerable group with limited family support, making them more susceptible to mental health issues such as depression and anxiety. This study aims to construct a network model of depression and anxiety symptoms among older adults living alone, exploring the correlations and centrality of different symptoms. The goal is to identify core and bridging symptoms to inform clinical interventions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContrasting two versions of the 4-cup 2-item disjunctive syllogism task in great apes.
Anim Cogn
January 2025
School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9AJ, UK.
Chimpanzees excel at inference tasks which require that they search for a single food item from partial information. Yet, when presented with 2-item tasks which test the same inference operation, chimpanzees show a consistent breakdown in performance. Here we test a diverse zoo-housed cohort (n = 24) comprising all 4 great ape species under the classic 4-cup 2-item task, previously administered to children and chimpanzees, and a modified task administered to baboons.
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