AI Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on how the anterior-posterior axis in mouse embryos is established through the formation and migration of distal visceral endoderm (DVE).
- It reveals that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling has two crucial roles: supporting the differentiation of primitive endoderm into embryonic visceral endoderm at an early stage and inhibiting DVE formation later on.
- Additionally, a factor called Activin helps in DVE development by creating a specific region where Smad2 is active and Smad1 is inactive, indicating a balance of signaling between these two pathways.
Article Abstract
The anterior-posterior axis of the mouse embryo is established by formation of distal visceral endoderm (DVE) and its subsequent migration. The precise mechanism of DVE formation has remained unknown, however. Here we show that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling plays dual roles in DVE formation. BMP signaling is required at an early stage for differentiation of the primitive endoderm into the embryonic visceral endoderm (VE), whereas it inhibits DVE formation, restricting it to the distal region, at a later stage. A Smad2-activating factor such as Activin also contributes to DVE formation by generating a region of VE positive for the Smad2 signal and negative for Smad1 signal. DVE is thus formed at the distal end of the embryo, the only region of VE negative for the Smad1 signal and positive for Smad2 signal. An inverse relation between the level of phosphorylated Smad1 and that of phosphorylated Smad2 in VE suggests an involvement of antagonism between Smad1- and Smad2-mediated signaling.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2654303 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200808044 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Deep conservation complemented by novelty and innovation in the insect eye ground plan.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093.
A spectacular diversity of forms and features allow species to thrive in different environments, yet some structures remain relatively unchanged. Insect compound eyes are easily recognizable despite dramatic differences in visual abilities across species. It is unknown whether distant insect species use similar or different mechanisms to pattern their eyes or what types of genetic changes produce diversity of form and function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHesperetin Increases Lifespan and Antioxidant Ability Correlating with IIS, HSP, mtUPR, and JNK Pathways of Chronic Oxidative Stress in .
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
Hesperetin (Hst) is a common citrus fruit flavonoid with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-neurodegenerative effects. To explore the antioxidant and anti-aging effects and mechanisms of Hst, we induced chronic oxidative stress in using low-concentration HO and examined its effects on lifespan, healthy life index, reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant enzymes, and transcriptomic metrics. Hst significantly prolonged lifespan, increased body bending and pharyngeal pumping frequency, decreased ROS accumulation, and increased antioxidant enzyme activity in normal and stressed .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA mitochondrial unfolded protein response-independent role of DVE-1 in longevity regulation.
Cell Rep
November 2024
Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Institute on Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Center for Smell and Taste, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA. Electronic address:
The special AT-rich sequence-binding (SATB) protein DVE-1 is widely recognized for its pivotal involvement in orchestrating the retrograde mitochondrial unfolded protein response (mitoUPR) in C. elegans. In our study of downstream factors contributing to lifespan extension in sensory ciliary mutants, we find that DVE-1 is crucial for this longevity effect independent of its canonical mitoUPR function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntrapartum ultrasound for cervical dilatation: Inter- and intra-observer agreement.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand
December 2024
Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital, Imperial Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
Article Synopsis
- Digital vaginal examination (DVE) is the standard method for checking labor progress, but it can be painful and subjective, with variability in results; this study aims to compare DVE to intrapartum transperineal ultrasound (TPUS).
- Conducted at a London maternity unit, the study involved nulliparous women in active labor, where TPUS measurements were taken after DVE, allowing for comparisons between the two methods. The study incorporated repeated ultrasound assessments when possible.
- Out of 206 women, complete data from 110 showed that 34% had no difference between TPUS and DVE measurements, while a mean difference of -0.9 cm was observed, indicating
6-PPD quinone at environmentally relevant concentrations induced damage on longevity in C. elegans: Mechanistic insight from inhibition in mitochondrial UPR response.
Sci Total Environ
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; Shenzhen Ruipuxun Academy for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Shenzhen, China. Electronic address:
6-PPD quinone (6-PPDQ) exists widely in water environment media, causing acute lethality to some aquatic species. Long-term exposure to 6-PPDQ reduced the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans. However, the molecular basis for mitochondrial control of 6-PPDQ toxicity remains largely unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!