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Knife's edge: Balancing immunogenicity and reactogenicity in mRNA vaccines.
Exp Mol Med
July 2023
Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea.
Since the discovery of messenger RNA (mRNA), there have been tremendous efforts to wield them in the development of therapeutics and vaccines. During the COVID-19 pandemic, two mRNA vaccines were developed and approved in record-breaking time, revolutionizing the vaccine development landscape. Although first-generation COVID-19 mRNA vaccines have demonstrated over 90% efficacy, alongside strong immunogenicity in humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, their durability has lagged compared to long-lived vaccines, such as the yellow fever vaccine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBalancing on a Knife's Edge: Studies on the Synthesis of Pillar[6]arene Derivatives.
J Org Chem
July 2023
Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia.
Pillar[6]arenes are established as crucial building blocks in supramolecular chemistry; however, they can be difficult to synthesize, particularly in the absence of large solubilizing substituents. In this work, we explore variability in literature syntheses of pillar[6]arene derivatives and suggest that the outcome is dependent on whether oligomeric intermediates stay in solution long enough for the thermodynamically favorable macrocyclization to occur. We demonstrate that in a previously capricious BF·OEt-mediated procedure, ≤5 mol % of a Brønsted acid can slow down the reaction to favor macrocycle formation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPersonal care assistants' lived experience of working in the home setting with children and adults on mechanical ventilation.
Scand J Caring Sci
June 2022
Department of Intensive Care, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark.
Background: Working as a personal care assistant (PCA) with children and adults on mechanical ventilation in a home setting may be complex and challenging due to the physical and mental working conditions.
Aim: To explore the lived experience of working as a (PCA) with patients, children and adults on mechanical ventilation in the home setting.
Design And Methods: A qualitative study using a phenomenological-hermeneutic approach.
Host-microbe interactions in the small bowel.
Curr Opin Gastroenterol
March 2015
Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
Purpose Of Review: The intestine - home to a vast microbiome - balances its immune reactivity on a knife's edge. This review will summarize recent studies examining innate immune signals that shape the microbiota, and how pathogens can usurp protective responses to their advantage.
Recent Findings: Innate signaling uses several pathways to maintain epithelial defense.
Training on a knife's edge: how to balance triathlon training to prevent overuse injuries.
Sports Med Arthrosc Rev
December 2012
US Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, CO, USA.
The sport of triathlon offers athletes the chance to build and/or maintain cardiovascular fitness across 3 endurance disciplines. Swimming, biking, and running each have a host of overuse injuries that can occur as a result of overtraining. High running mileage, a history of previous injury, inadequate warm up or cool down, and an increase in the years of triathlon experience are a few of the factors that have been linked to triathlon overuse injuries.
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