Recent data illustrating the situation in children's pulmonology in this country are presented. Its main features are the high prevalence of acute and chronic lung diseases in children and the enhanced frequency of allergic pulmonary disorders, in the first place bronchial asthma. National guidelines on various aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases in children need to be developed. Also important are their further in-depth studies. Training of specialists in children's pulmonoloy in conformity with the relevant international standards is considered to be a priority area of activity.
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