A model of CAM use by women with female-specific cancers.

In this cross-sectional, retrospective, explanatory secondary analysis of the 2002 National Health Interview Survey, complementary and alternative modality (CAM) use by women with female-specific cancers is described. The effect of personal factors on the odds of CAM use was measured using the researcher's model, based on Pender's Health Promotion Model, as a framework. Women age 40 and older, with high levels of edu cation, presence of pain, and presence of depression/anxiety were more likely to use CAM. Because women with female-specific cancers who report depression/anxiety are more likely to use CAM, they need to be targeted by mental health nurses for education regarding safe CAM use.