We report 3 cases of respiratory syncytial virus infection-associated seizures; their abnormalities of cerebrospinal fluid (increased interleukin-6 and positive for virus by highly sensitive assay) were documented. These data revealed that neurological involvement might be caused by a direct invasion.
Spinal cord sarcoidosis, an uncommon manifestation of neurosarcoidosis, presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges because the condition is rare and has diverse clinical manifestations that can mimic other conditions such as multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. A middle-aged African American female with a history of idiopathic intracranial hypertension and hydrocephalus with ventriculoperitoneal shunt presented with progressive, predominantly left-sided gait instability, weakness, and paresthesia. Cerebrospinal fluid showed lymphocytosis, red blood cells, elevated oligoclonal bands, and elevated kappa free light chains, concerning for multiple sclerosis.
Objective: Autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy (GFAP-A) is a novel steroid sensitive autoimmune disease, without a diagnostic consensus. The purpose of this study was to improve early GFAP-A diagnosis by increasing awareness of key clinical characteristics and imaging manifestations.
Methods: Medical records of 13 patients with anti-GFAP antibodies in serum or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were reviewed for cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.
Brain waste clearance from the interstitial fluid environment is challenging to measure, which has contributed to controversy regarding the significance of glymphatic transport impairment for neurodegenerative processes. Dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) with cerebrospinal fluid administration of Gd-tagged tracers is often used to assess glymphatic system function. We previously quantified glymphatic transport from DCE-MRI data utilizing regularized optimal mass transport (rOMT) analysis, however, information specific to glymphatic clearance was not directly derived.
Individuals with joint hypermobility and the Ehlers-Danlos Syndromes (EDS) are disproportionately affected by neuraxial dysfunction and Central Nervous System (CNS) disorders: such as Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension (SIH) due to spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks, Upper Cervical Instability (UCI; including craniocervical or atlantoaxial instability (CCI/AAI)), Occult Tethered Cord Syndrome (TCS), Chiari Malformation (CM) and Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH). The neuraxis comprises the parts of the nervous system (brain, nerves, spinal cord) along the craniospinal axis of the body. Neuraxial tissue includes all tissue structures that comprise, support, sheath, and connect along the neuraxis and peripheral nerves.
Context: Many studies have moved toward saliva and peripheral blood sampling for studying cortisol, even in relation to disorders of the brain. However, the degree to which peripheral cortisol reflects central cortisol levels has yet to be comprehensively described. Data describing the effect that biological characteristics such as age and sex have on cortisol levels across compartments is also limited.
