Previous studies of the HIV-1 disease have shown that HLA and Chemokine receptor genetic variants influence disease progression and early viral load. We performed a Genome Wide Association study in a cohort of 605 HIV-1-infected seroconverters for detection of novel genetic factors that influence plasma HIV-RNA and cellular HIV-DNA levels. Most of the SNPs strongly associated with HIV-RNA levels were localised in the 6p21 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region and were in the vicinity of class I and III genes. Moreover, protective alleles for four disease-associated SNPs in the MHC locus (rs2395029, rs13199524, rs12198173 and rs3093662) were strikingly over-represented among forty-five Long Term HIV controllers. Furthermore, we show that the HIV-DNA levels (reflecting the HIV reservoir) are associated with the same four SNPs, but also with two additional SNPs on chromosome 17 (rs6503919; intergenic region flanked by the DDX40 and YPEL2 genes) and chromosome 8 (rs2575735; within the Syndecan 2 gene). Our data provide evidence that the MHC controls both HIV replication and HIV reservoir. They also indicate that two additional genomic loci may influence the HIV reservoir.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2603319 | PMC |
| http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0003907 | PLOS |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Cytokine trajectory over time in men and women with HIV on long-term antiretroviral therapy.
AIDS
January 2025
Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Antiretroviral therapy (ART) helps suppress HIV but doesn't fully normalize cytokine levels; long-term effects of ART on these immune markers haven't been thoroughly researched.
- A study tracked 31 men and 59 women on ART for an average of 6 years, measuring changes in 40 cytokines/chemokines, finding that while most stayed stable, certain markers decreased over time, while others increased.
- Results showed sex and race differences in specific cytokine levels, with women exhibiting higher innate immune activation; overall, ART may reduce inflammation and lower the risk of diseases related to cardiovascular health.
Differential immunophenotype and proviral composition in young adults with perinatally acquired HIV: Are special cure strategies needed?
AIDS
November 2024
CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Paraguay 2155 Piso 11 C1121ABG, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to analyze the immune characteristics and viral makeup of young adults in Argentina who acquired HIV at birth (p-YA), comparing them to young adults with HIV acquired through other means.
- Researchers conducted a detailed examination of immune cell types and their functions using techniques like flow cytometry and ELISA, involving 18 p-YA and various control groups.
- Key findings revealed that p-YA had a unique immune profile with more naïve CD4 T-cells and lower signs of exhaustion, suggesting they face different challenges in managing the HIV virus compared to those who acquired it later in life.
HIV DNA Levels in Persons Who Acquired HIV in the Setting of Long-Acting Cabotegravir for HIV Prevention: Analysis of Cases from HPTN 083 and 084.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses
October 2024
Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
We evaluated HIV DNA levels in individuals who received long-acting cabotegravir (CAB-LA) or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) pre-exposure prophylaxis in the HPTN 083 and 084 trials and had HIV DNA testing performed to help determine HIV status. HIV DNA testing was performed using peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples collected after a reactive HIV test was obtained at a study site. DNA was quantified using droplet digital PCR (lower limit of detection [LLOD]: 4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFrom Gut to Blood: Redistribution of Zonulin in People Living with HIV.
Biomedicines
October 2024
Department I of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- HIV infection leads to gastrointestinal mucosal damage, which affects microbial balance and immune response, leading to non-infectious comorbidities in people living with HIV (PLWH).
- A study measured zonulin levels in serum and intestinal tissue from HIV-infected individuals and controls, revealing higher levels of zonulin in the bloodstream of HIV patients, but lower levels in their gut tissue compared to controls.
- Elevated systemic zonulin was linked to the loss of intestinal CD4 T cells and increased gut inflammation, suggesting a relationship between zonulin and intestinal health that could be important for managing comorbidities in PLWH.
People Living With HIV Have More Intact HIV DNA in Circulating CD4+ T Cells if They Have History of Pulmonary Tuberculosis.
Pathog Immun
September 2024
Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.
Background: A primary barrier to curing HIV is the HIV reservoir. The leading infectious cause of death worldwide for people living with HIV is tuberculosis (TB), but we do not know how TB impacts the HIV reservoir.
Methods: Participants in identification and validation cohorts were selected from previously enrolled studies at Groupe Haïtien d'Étude du Sarcome de Kaposi et des Infections Opportunistes (GHESKIO) in Port au Prince, Haiti.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!