In this paper, cylindrical microlens arrays with two different alignments were proposed to be applied in a commercial mobile phone having an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) panel. It was found that the parallel-aligned cylindrical array had better performance than the vertical-aligned one for the OLED panel. The parallel-aligned cylindrical microlens array can increase the luminous current efficiency at surface normal and the luminous power efficiency of the OLED panel by 45% and 38%, respectively. Besides, it can also make the spectrum of the OLED panel more insensitive to the viewing angle. Though it can slightly blur the image on the OLED panel, the universal image quality index can be maintained at a level of 0.8630.
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