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The transmembrane protein Synapse Differentiation Induced Gene 4 (SynDIG4) functions as an auxiliary factor of AMPA receptors (AMPARs) and plays a critical role in excitatory synapse plasticity as well as hippocampal-dependent learning and memory. Mice lacking SynDIG4 have reduced surface expression of GluA1 and GluA2 and are impaired in single tetanus-induced long-term potentiation and NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-dependent long-term depression. These findings suggest that SynDIG4 may play an important role in regulating AMPAR distribution through intracellular trafficking mechanisms; however, the precise roles by which SynDIG4 governs AMPAR distribution remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvidence on trends in uptake of childhood vaccines and association with COVID-19 vaccination rates.
Vaccine
December 2024
Pritzker School of Law, Northwestern University, USA.
Importance: Childhood vaccination rates have declined in recent years; there is also concern that resistance to COVID-19 vaccines could spill over to childhood vaccines.
Objectives: To use local-level data to study trends in childhood vaccination rates and heterogeneity in local rates; including how many areas are below herd-immunity thresholds, and assess the association between COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and childhood vaccination.
Design: We report, for 11 states with available data, vaccination rates for measles, mumps, rubella (MMR), and diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccines, including percentage of schools/counties with rates ≥95 %, 90-95 %, 80-90 %, and < 80 %.
Inequalities in uptake of childhood vaccination in England, 2019-23: longitudinal study.
BMJ
December 2024
Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Objective: To quantify changes in inequalities in uptake of childhood vaccination during a period of steadily declining overall childhood vaccination rates in England.
Design: Longitudinal study.
Setting: General practice data for five vaccines administered to children (first and second doses of the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR1 and MMR2, respectively), rotavirus vaccine, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) booster, and six-in-one (DTaP/IPV/Hib/HepB) vaccine covering diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, type b, and hepatitis B) from the Cover of Vaccination Uptake Evaluated Rapidly dataset in England.
Maintenance of a central high frequency synapse in the absence of synaptic activity.
Front Cell Neurosci
November 2024
Department of Functional Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Activity has long been considered essential for circuit formation and maintenance. This view has recently been challenged by proper synaptogenesis and only mildly affected synapse maintenance in the absence of synaptic activity in forebrain neurons. Here, we investigated whether synaptic activity is necessary for the development and maintenance of the calyx of Held synapse.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImproving the timeliness and equity of preschool childhood vaccinations: Mixed methods evaluation of a quality improvement programme in primary care.
Vaccine
January 2025
Centre for Primary Care, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, Yvonne Carter Building, 58 Turner Street, London E1 2AB, UK.
Article Synopsis
- A mixed methods evaluation was conducted to assess a digital call-and-recall tool aimed at improving the timely receipt and equity of MMR and DTaP/IPV vaccinations in North East London, focusing on children eligible from January 2019 to January 2024.
- The findings showed a 5.3% increase in timely first MMR vaccinations (from 77.7% to 81.8%), while DTaP/IPV saw a smaller increase of 0.9%. However, no significant change in inequality was observed.
- Users found the tool helpful for recall but noted challenges such as staff dynamics and unrealistic national targets that hindered its consistent application; further support is needed to maintain improvements.
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