The contents of polychlorinated biphenyls in human milk were determined. The PCB levels in human milk were determined in relation to factors such as: age and weight of women, birthweight of the baby, smoking, period of breast-feeding (3-5 days, 2-4 weeks, 6-8 month) and seasons of the year. It was found that level of PCB in human milk have been decreasing during lactation. PCB levels in human milk decreases with increasing weight of women. The level of PCB in human milk increases together with age of women. The higher PCB levels were determined in human milk from women smoking cigarettes.
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Integr Environ Assess Manag
January 2025
Henkel AG & Co KGaA, Düsseldorf, Germany.
The assessment of humans indirectly exposed to chemicals via the environment (HvE) is an assessment element of the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation, and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) regulation. The European Union System for the Evaluation of Substances (EUSES) is the default screening tool, aimed at prioritizing chemicals for further refinement/higher tier assessment. This review summarizes the approach used in EUSES, evaluates the state of the science in human exposure modeling via the environment, and identifies areas for further research to strengthen the confidence and applicability of EUSES for assessing HvE.
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January 2025
Advanced Microbiotics, Stans, Switzerland.
Here, we report draft genome sequences of eight strains isolated from naturally processed, homemade dairy foods or human milk in Bulgaria; strains AM-LG-29, AM-LP-81, AM-LH-32, subsp. AM-LB-13, AM-ST-89, AM-LA-19, AM-BL-55, and AM-LR-51.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Immunol
January 2025
School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are abundant, diverse and complex sugars present in human breast milk. HMOs are well-characterized barriers to microbial infection and by modulating the human microbiome they are also thought to be nutritionally beneficial to the infant. The structural variety of over 200 HMOs, including neutral, fucosylated and sialylated forms, allows them to interact with the immune system in various ways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJDS Commun
January 2025
Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95168.
Some microbes in the rumen form 10,12 (10,12)-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a fatty acid that depresses synthesis of milk fat in dairy cattle and other lactating animals. Despite their importance to milk fat depression, the microbes responsible have been difficult to identify, and no laboratory strain is currently available for study. Here we describe the isolation of AP1, a bacterium that forms 10,12-CLA at fast rates.
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