This article summarizes the principal publications and those evidence-based clinical trials on dyslipidemias, including their main findings and recommendations for practicing cardiologists and clinicians. Emphasis is given to the confirmed data regarding the pathophysiology as well as the diagnoses of dyslipidemias, and the established therapeutic approaches validated in multiple well supervised control trials. The basic recommendations provided by the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology are presented as well as a brief description of the objectives, findings and results of the most recognized control trials, particularly those whose results have been published from 2000 to 2008. The importance of aggressive therapy to reach target lipids goals other than LDL-cholesterol in mixed dyslipidemias with combination therapy is strongly pointed out and emphasized.
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