AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Background: Despite convenience, accessibility, and strong correlation to severity of Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology, medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) has not been used as a criterion in the diagnosis of prodromal and probable AD.
Methods: Using a newly validated visual rating system, mean MTA scores of three bilateral medial temporal lobe structures were compared for subjects with no cognitive impairment (NCI) (n = 117), nonamnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (n = 46), amnestic MCI (n = 45), and probable AD (n = 53). Correlations between MTA scores and neuropsychological test scores at baseline, and predictors of change in diagnosis at 1-year follow-up were evaluated.
Results: With NCI as the reference group, a mean MTA cut score of 1.33 yielded an optimal sensitivity/specificity of 85%/82% for probable AD subjects and 80%/82% for amnestic MCI subjects. MTA and Clinical Dementia Rating Sum of Boxes scores at baseline were independent and additive predictors of diagnosis at baseline, and of transition from NCI to MCI or from MCI to dementia at 1-year follow-up.
Conclusion: Medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) scores 1) distinguish probable Alzheimer disease (AD) and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subjects from nonamnestic MCI and no cognitive impairment (NCI) subjects, 2) help predict diagnosis at baseline, and 3) predict transition from NCI to MCI and from MCI to probable AD. MTA scores should be used as a criterion in the clinical diagnosis of AD.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2676975 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000336925.79704.9f | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Ketamine administration during adolescence impairs synaptic integration and inhibitory synaptic transmission in the adult dentate gyrus.
Prog Neurobiol
January 2025
Centro de Neurobiología y Fisiopatología Integrativa (CENFI), Instituto de Fisiología, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile; Millennium Nucleus of Neuroepigenetics and Plasticity (EpiNeuro), Santiago, Chile. Electronic address:
Ketamine administration during adolescence affects cognitive performance; however, its long-term impact on synaptic function and neuronal integration in the hippocampus a brain region critical for cognition remains unclear. Using functional and molecular analyses, we found that chronic ketamine administration during adolescence exerts long-term effects on synaptic integration, expanding the temporal window in an input-specific manner affecting the inner molecular layer but not the medial perforant path inputs in the adult mouse dorsal hippocampal dentate gyrus. Ketamine also alters the excitatory/inhibitory balance by reducing the efficacy of inhibitory inputs likely due to a reduction in parvalbumin-positive interneurons number and function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAltered cerebral gray matter volume and functional connectivity in patients with residual dizziness of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.
Clin Radiol
December 2024
Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China. Electronic address:
Aim: To provide a theoretical basis for the study of the pathogenesis of residual dizziness (RD) from the perspective of imaging.
Materials And Methods: The general clinical data of the RD group and healthy control (HC) group were statistically analysed by two independent sample t tests, rank sum tests or chi-square tests. The imaging data of the two groups of people were preprocessed and statistically analysed by using the data processing and analysis for brain imaging (DPABI) software package.
Biomarker Investigation Using Multiple Brain Measures from MRI Through Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Alzheimer's Disease Classification.
Bioengineering (Basel)
January 2025
Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy.
As the leading cause of dementia worldwide, Alzheimer's Disease (AD) has prompted significant interest in developing Deep Learning (DL) approaches for its classification. However, it currently remains unclear whether these models rely on established biological indicators. This work compares a novel DL model using structural connectivity (namely, BC-GCN-SE adapted from functional connectivity tasks) with an established model using structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans (namely, ResNet18).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrefrontal working memory activity slots support sequence memory similar to hippocampal long-term memory position recall.
Neuron
January 2025
Neuropsychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Electronic address:
Prefrontal cortex and medial temporal lobe information processing might not be that different after all. In this issue of Neuron, Whittington et al. show that prefrontal cortex working memory slot activity enables sequence memorizing similar to hippocampal long-term memory.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDistinct changes to hippocampal and medial entorhinal circuits emerge across the progression of cognitive deficits in epilepsy.
Cell Rep
January 2025
Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, The Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address:
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) causes pervasive and progressive memory impairments, yet the specific circuit changes that drive these deficits remain unclear. To investigate how hippocampal-entorhinal dysfunction contributes to progressive memory deficits in epilepsy, we performed simultaneous in vivo electrophysiology in the hippocampus (HPC) and medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) of control and epileptic mice 3 or 8 weeks after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (Pilo-SE). We found that HPC synchronization deficits (including reduced theta power, coherence, and altered interneuron spike timing) emerged within 3 weeks of Pilo-SE, aligning with early-onset, relatively subtle memory deficits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!