Objective: To investigate the expression of p53, bcl-2, and hax, apoptosis regulating genes, in adenoid cystic carcinoma of larcrimal gland and the roles thereof in clinical prognosis.
Methods: 56 patients of adenoid cystic carcinoma of larcrimal gland were divided into two groups according to the prognosis: poor prognosis group with recurrence or metastasis within 5 years (n=32) and better prognosis group (n=24) surviving tumor free within 5 years. The protein expression levels of p53, tumor suppressor gene, bax, apoptosis promoting gene, and bcl-2, anti-apoptosis gene, were analyzed by strepavidin peroxidase method. 8 cases of normal lacrimal gland tissues were used as controls.
Results: (1) The overall positive rate of p53 of the patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma of larcrimal gland was 73.2%, significantly higher than that of the normal controls (0, P < 0.05). The p53 positive rate of better prognosis group was 62.5%, significantly higher than that of the poor prognosis group (81.3%, P < 0.05). The protein expression of p53 in adenoid cystic carcinoma of larcrimal gland was negatively correlated with clinical prognosis. (2) The overall expression rate of bcl-2 of the patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma of larcrimal gland was 69.6%, significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The expression bcl-2 protein was correlated with better clinical prognosis. (3) The bax positive rate of the patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma of larcrimal gland group was 60.7%, not significantly lower than the control group. The bar positive rate of the better prognosis group was 91.7%, significantly higher than that of the poor prognosis group (65.6%, P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Some apoptosis regulating genes, such as mutation-type (mt) p53 play an important role in the gene ration and development of adenoid cystic carcinoma of larcrimal gland. p53, bax, and bcl-2 proteins may act as valuable signals for clinical prognosis. The patients with over expression of bcl-2 and bax and low expression of p53 may have better prognosis than the contrary ones.
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