The freshwater clam is a widely-consumed shellfish and is used as a remedy for chronic hepatitis in Asia. However, its contribution to acute liver injury (ALI) remains unclear. The aim of this study is to assess the protective effects of freshwater clam extract (CE) in ALI induced by hemorrhage in rats. Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, (1) blood loss (BL) 40%, (2) CE 150 mg/kg plus BL 40%, (3) CE 75 mg/kg plus BL 40%, (4) CE 150 mg/kg, and (5) CE 75 mg/kg groups. CE was given by femoral vein catheter in Groups 2 to 5. Initial hemorrhage was induced by withdrawing blood (loss 40% of total blood volume) from a femoral arterial catheter after CE administration in Groups 2 and 3. The levels of blood tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-10 (IL-10), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured at several time points during the experimental period. Rats were sacrificed after 48 hours, and the liver was harvested for hematoxylin and eosin (HE) stain to show liver tissue injury. The results indicated that hemorrhage significantly decreased mean arterial pressure (MAP), increased blood AST, ALT and LDH levels and induced liver injury. Pre-treatment with the CE increased MAP and IL-10 levels and decreased AST, ALT, LDH and TNF-alpha levels after hemorrhage. The HE stains showed diminished organ injury in the CE groups. In conclusion, freshwater clam extract is a potential immunomodulating agent and ameliorates acute liver injury.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S0192415X08006466 | DOI Listing |
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
January 2025
Marine and Freshwater Solutions, Finnish Environment Institute, Latokartanonkaari 11, 00790, Helsinki, Finland.
Car tyres are considered to release a substantial amount of particles to the environment. Due to the high emission volumes and the chemical risks associated with tyre rubber, there is an urgent need to quantify their ecotoxicological effects. The effects of exposure to particles derived from end-of-life tyres were investigated on the Baltic clam (Macoma balthica), which is one of the key invertebrate species living in the soft-bottom sediments of the northern Baltic Sea.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Pollut
December 2024
CESAM, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; CFE, Centre for Functional Ecology: Science for People & Planet, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal.
Wildfires can impact both freshwater and marine ecosystems through post-fire runoff, but its effects on bivalves, particularly those living in marine habitats, remain largely overlooked. While evidence exists that wildfire ash can alter the fatty acid (FA) and sugar profiles of aquatic biota, its influence on the biochemical profiles of bivalves have not been addressed to date. This study aimed to assess the effects of ash exposure on the FA and sugar profiles of two bivalve species used for human consumption: a freshwater clam (Corbicula fluminea) and a marine bivalve (Cerastoderma edule), additionally evaluating potential effects on their nutritional value.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Exp Zool A Ecol Integr Physiol
December 2024
Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Estuaries are diverse coastal ecosystems that act as transitional zones between freshwater and seawater. The Don Hoi Lot tidal flat, located in the upper Gulf of Thailand, is one of Thailand's most important estuarine ecosystems. Nonetheless, the Don Hoi Lot area faces increasing environmental pressures due to human activities and natural changes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Hazard Mater
November 2024
Environment and Public Health Research and Enterprise Group, School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Cockcroft Building, Lewes Road, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom.
Pesticides play a vital role in ensuring global food security amid a growing global population; however, their movement away from application sites can pose significant risks to the health of non-target species. Pollution of freshwater is a key contributor to the high extinction rates of freshwater species, which often face exposure to a complex "cocktail" of pollutants simultaneously. A better understanding of pesticide interactions will enable more targeted policies and land management practices to mitigate environmental damage while ensuring food security.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Hazard Mater
November 2024
Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea. Electronic address:
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