Iconicity--resemblance between a symbol and its referent--has long been presumed to facilitate symbolic insight and symbol use in infancy. These two experiments test children's ability to recognize iconic gestures at ages 14 through 26 months. The results indicate a clear ability to recognize how a gesture resembles its referent by 26 months, but little evidence of recognition of iconicity at the onset of symbolic development. These findings imply that iconicity is not available as an aid at the onset of symbolic development but rather that the ability to apprehend the relation between a symbol and its referent develops over the course of the second year.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7687.2008.00732.x | DOI Listing |
Cogn Sci
December 2024
Department of English Linguistics, Nagoya University.
Iconicity is a relationship of resemblance between the form and meaning of a sign. Compelling evidence from diverse areas of the cognitive sciences suggests that iconicity plays a pivotal role in the processing, memory, learning, and evolution of both spoken and signed language, indicating that iconicity is a general property of language. However, the language-specific aspect of iconicity, illustrated by the fact that the meanings of ideophones in an unfamiliar language are hard to guess (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndeavour
December 2024
Department of Computer Science, VU Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address:
Open Res Eur
April 2024
Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet Vitenskapsmuseet, Trondheim, Trøndelag, 7491, Norway.
The walrus, is an iconic pinniped and predominant molluscivore that is well adapted to Arctic and subarctic environments. Its circumpolar distribution, large body size and ivory tusks facilitated its vital role as food, raw material (for tools and art), income, and cultural influence on many Arctic Indigenous communities for millennia. Intensification of hunting (often due to the arrival of Europeans, especially between the 16 and 19 centuries) to obtain ivory, hide, blubber and meat, resulted in diminished, sometimes extirpated, walrus populations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Psychol (Amst)
August 2024
Faculty of Psychology, Kobe Gakuin University, Kobe, Japan. Electronic address:
In decision making under risk, where the consequences of choices vary depending on specific probabilities, a proper interpretation of the presented probabilities is essential. However, because people are not good at evaluating numerical values, such as percentages, efforts have been made to accurately convey presented probabilities using visual aids represented by icon arrays. However, previous studies have suggested that icon arrays produce an overestimation of probabilities under specific conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAugment Altern Commun
June 2024
Department of Speech Language Pathology, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, India.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceived symbol referent relationship for selected symbols in typical adults for two different symbol sets: Indian Picture Symbols for Communication (IPSC) and Picture Communication Symbols (PCS) to identify cultural influences on symbol recognition. A total of 240 typical adults, including 120 nonprofessionals, and 120 health professionals, from Kerala, a southern state in India, participated in the study. A guessability task involving IPSC and PCS symbols for 30 target referents was utilized.
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