An ultraintense short pulse lasers incident on solid targets can generate relativistic electrons that then accelerate energetic protons and ions. These fast electrons and ions can effectively heat the solid target, beyond the region of direct laser interaction, and are important to realizing the fast ignition concept. To study these energetic ions and electrons produced from the laser-target interactions, we have developed a range of spectrometers that can cover a large energy range (from less than 0.1 MeV to above 100 MeV). They are physically compact, high performance, and low cost. We will present the basic design of these spectrometers and the test results from recent laser experiments.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2953679 | DOI Listing |
Med Phys
January 2025
Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
Background: Diffusing alpha-emitters Radiation Therapy ("Alpha DaRT") is a promising new radiation therapy modality for treating bulky tumors. Ra-carrying sources are inserted intratumorally, producing a therapeutic alpha-dose region with a total size of a few millimeter via the diffusive motion of Ra's alpha-emitting daughters. Clinical studies of Alpha DaRT have reported 100% positive response (30%-100% shrinkage within several weeks), with post-insertion swelling in close to half of the cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnat Sci Int
January 2025
Department of Anatomy, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Niigata, Japan.
This case report presents an atypical transverse cervical artery with its detailed anatomy, morphogenesis, and association with the high arch-shaped subclavian artery. The atypical arteries, related arteries, and adjacent cervical and brachial plexuses were macroscopically examined in a 98-year-old Japanese female cadaver donated to The Nippon Dental University for medical education and research. The atypical deep branch of the transverse cervical artery originated from the internal thoracic artery and passed through between the C5 and C6 roots, in close contact with the C5 and C6 junction, to reach the dorsal side of the brachial plexus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurosurg Rev
January 2025
Hengyang Key Laboratory of Hemorrhagic Cerebrovascular Disease, Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421000, Hunan, China.
Patients with intracranial aneurysms (IA) undergoing endovascular treatment face varying risks and benefits when tirofiban is used for thromboprophylaxis during surgery. Currently, there is a lack of high-level evidence summarizing this information. This study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tirofiban during endovascular treatment of IA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Sex Behav
January 2025
Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (INI-Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Perceived risk for HIV acquisition among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) may not align with their actual sexual HIV exposure. Factors associated with low/moderate perceived risk among GBMSM eligible for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) (based on their high estimated HIV exposure) have been poorly described in Latin America. This is a secondary analysis of a 2018 web-based cross-sectional survey in Brazil, Mexico, and Peru.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Imaging Inform Med
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Disease, Shanghai, 200080, China.
The objectives of this study are to construct a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) model to diagnose and classify meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) based on the in vivo confocal microscope (IVCM) images and to evaluate the performance of the DCNN model and its auxiliary significance for clinical diagnosis and treatment. We extracted 6643 IVCM images from the three hospitals' IVCM database as the training set for the DCNN model and 1661 IVCM images from the other two hospitals' IVCM database as the test set to examine the performance of the model. Construction of the DCNN model was performed using DenseNet-169.
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