Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy (BSCL) is a rare autosomal recessive condition associating insulin resistance, absence of subcutaneous fat and muscular hypertrophy. Disease-causing mutations have been described in AGPAT2 and BSCL2 genes. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a classical late (third decade) complication which has only been occasionally described in childhood. We report on a 4-month-old Chinese male infant who presented with a severe BSCL "cardiac" phenotype comprising heart failure, hypertension and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmg.2008.10.006DOI Listing

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Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy (BSCL), also known as congenital generalized lipodystrophy (CGL), is an exceptionally rare autosomal recessive disorder marked by a significant deficiency of adipose tissue throughout the body. This lack of adipose tissue, normally found beneath the skin and between internal organs, leads to impaired adipocyte formation and fat storage, causing lipids to accumulate in atypical tissues such as muscles and the liver. The extent of adipose tissue loss directly influences the severity of symptoms, which can include a muscular appearance, increased appetite, bone cysts, marrow fat depletion, acromegalic features, severe insulin resistance, skeletal muscle hypertrophy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, hepatic steatosis, hepatomegaly, cirrhosis, and intellectual disability.

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Article Synopsis
  • Adipose dystrophy (lipodystrophy) involves the loss of fat tissue, potentially causing fat to accumulate in other body areas and leading to metabolic issues like insulin resistance and liver disease.
  • The condition is linked to several gene mutations and can be either congenital or acquired, presenting in different forms.
  • This report details a rare case of localized lipodystrophy with normal development and partial fat atrophy, aimed at improving clinicians' knowledge of this uncommon disease.
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Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy (CGL), a rare autosomal recessive disorder, is characterized by a lack of adipose tissue. Infections are one of the major causes of CGL individuals' premature death. The mechanisms that predispose to infections are poorly understood.

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Introduction: Congenital Generalized Lipodystrophy (CGL) is a rare autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in genes responsible for the formation and development of adipocytes. Bone abnormalities are described. However, there is a scarcity of data.

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