The facilitated transport of chromium(III) through activated composite membrane (ACM) containing di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (DEHPA) was investigated. DEHPA was immobilised by interfacial polymerisation on polysulfone layer which was deposited on non-woven fabric by using spin coater. Then, ACM was characterised by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle measurements and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Initially, batch experiments of liquid-liquid distribution of Cr(III) and the extractant (DEHPA) were carried out to determine the appropriate pH of the feed phase and the results showed that maximum extraction of Cr(III) was achieved at a pH of 4. It was also found that Cr(III) and DEHPA reacted in 1/1 molar ratio. The effects of Cr(III) (in feed phase), HCl (in stripping phase) and DEHPA (in ACM) concentrations were investigated. DEHPA concentration varies from 0.1 to 1.0M and it was determined that the transport of Cr(III) increased with the carrier concentration up to 0.8M. It was also observed that the transport of Cr(III) through the ACM tended to increase with Cr(III) and HCl concentrations. The stability of ACM was also confirmed with replicate experiments.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.10.050 | DOI Listing |
Sci Total Environ
December 2024
Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences - BiGeA, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Zamboni 67, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
This study investigates the impact of intense rainfall on chromium concentrations in five springs discharging from ultramafic rocks in the Northern Apennines (Italy), which are used for drinking water supply through integration into the local water network. Total chromium concentration increased significantly in response to heavy rain, exceeding the WHO drinking water guideline value (up to 80 μg/L) in one spring and the forthcoming 2036 EU target of 25 μg/L in all the springs. This increase could be attributed to a synergistic combination of factors: i) the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) by natural organic matter (NOM) in soil and transport as NOM-Cr(III) colloids and/or during the oxidation of magnetite to ferrihydrite in the aquifer; ii) the abundance of detrital ultramafic material in the study area, which may store Cr(III)-bearing colloids too; iii) a triggering effect of first intense rainfall after a 20 dry consecutive days period (wet-dry cycle).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Pollut
December 2024
School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
Cr(III) oxidation by birnessite was the dominant geologic source of Cr(VI), which increases the environmental mobility and toxicity of Cr, threatening ecological safety. Photochemically hydroxyl radical (•OH) generated by birnessite was widely accepted to be the dominant reactive oxygen species (ROS) oxidating Cr(III). However, birnessite and Cr mainly co-exist in dark subsurface soils, with contribution of nonphotochemical ROS remaining unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Microbiol Biotechnol
November 2024
School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, D.Y. Patil University, Navi Mumbai, India.
Int J Biol Macromol
December 2024
Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, Department of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China. Electronic address:
Considering the ubiquity and high toxicity of Cr(VI) species for destroying a sustainable environment, developing energy-efficient method for capturing and detoxifying chromium [Cr(VI) → Cr(III)] is imperative. Herein, ferrocene (Fc) was combined with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) for Cr(VI) remediation. Fc species possessed reversible redox behavior and low ionization potential, yet it faced challenges with conductivity and stability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Environ Manage
December 2024
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China. Electronic address:
Nano zerovalent iron (nZVI) has been broadly used in the treatment of chromium (Cr) pollution. However, conventional nZVI particles are prone to surface oxidation and particle agglomeration, limiting their effectiveness in contaminant removal. To address these issues, sulfidated nZVI (S-nZVI) was synthesized on the corn stover biochar (BC) surface for rapid removal of Cr(VI) from water.
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