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Control of manganese dioxide particles resulting from in situ chemical oxidation using permanganate. | LitMetric

Control of manganese dioxide particles resulting from in situ chemical oxidation using permanganate.

Chemosphere

Environmental Health Science and Environmental Science and Policy, Clarkson University, P.O. Box 5805, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA.

Published: February 2009

AI Article Synopsis

  • In situ chemical oxidation using permanganate is a method for cleaning up organic contaminants, where manganese dioxide particles are produced as a byproduct and can affect the flow of liquids in the subsurface environment.
  • The research aimed to explore how to stabilize these manganese dioxide particles in water and understand how groundwater properties influence their stability.
  • Sodium hexametaphosphate (HMP) was found to effectively keep the particles suspended and stable, leading to smaller particle sizes and better transport conditions for the permanganate oxidation process without negatively reacting with the oxidant.

Article Abstract

In situ chemical oxidation using permanganate is an approach to organic contaminant site remediation. Manganese dioxide particles are products of permanganate reactions. These particles have the potential to deposit in the subsurface and impact the flow-regime in/around permanganate injection, including the well screen, filter pack, and the surrounding subsurface formation. Control of these particles can allow for improved oxidant injection and transport and contact between the oxidant and contaminants of concern. The goals of this research were to determine if MnO(2) can be stabilized/controlled in an aqueous phase, and to determine the dependence of particle stabilization on groundwater characteristics. Bench-scale experiments were conducted to study the ability of four stabilization aids (sodium hexametaphosphate (HMP), Dowfax 8390, xanthan gum, and gum arabic) in maintaining particles suspended in solution under varied reaction conditions and time. Variations included particle and stabilization aid concentrations, ionic content, and pH. HMP demonstrated the most promising results, as compared to xanthan gum, gum arabic, and Dowfax 8390 based on results of spectrophotometric studies of particle behavior, particle filtration, and optical measurements of particle size and zeta potential. HMP inhibited particle settling, provided for greater particle stability, and resulted in particles of a smaller average size over the range of experimental conditions evaluated compared to results for systems that did not include HMP. Additionally, HMP did not react unfavorably with permanganate. These results indicate that the inclusion of HMP in a permanganate oxidation system improves conditions that may facilitate particle transport.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.09.074DOI Listing

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