Human studies of intrasex variability have shown that males are intellectually more variable. Here we have performed retrospective statistical analysis of human intrasex variability in several different properties and performances that are unrelated or indirectly related to intelligence: (a) birth weights of nearly 48,000 babies (Medical Birth Registry of Norway); (b) adult weight, height, body mass index and blood parameters of more than 2,700 adults aged 18-90 (NORIP); (c) physical performance in the 60 meter dash event of 575 junior high school students; and (d) psychological performance reflected by the results of more than 222,000 undergraduate university examination grades (LIST). For all characteristics, the data were analyzed using cumulative distribution functions and the resultant intrasex variability for males was compared with that for females. The principal finding is that human intrasex variability is significantly higher in males, and consequently constitutes a fundamental sex difference.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dev.20358 | DOI Listing |
Behav Sci (Basel)
February 2024
Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science, European University, 28670 Madrid, Spain.
Annual age grouping is a common organizational strategy in academics and sports. This strategy could promote the relative effects of age, which refers to the (dis)advantages that subjects who were born in the first or last months of the year may suffer. The consequences could be minimized, resulting in better physical and/or academic results.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnat Rec (Hoboken)
December 2021
Centre for Forensic Anthropology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.
The quantification of cranial sexual dimorphism (CSD) among modern humans is relevant in evolutionary studies of morphological variation and in a forensic context. Despite the abundance of quantitative studies of CSD, few have specifically examined intra-sex variability. Here we quantify CSD in a geographically homogeneous sample of adult crania, which includes Italian individuals from the 19th and 20th centuries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPsychol Sci
January 2021
Department of Management and Entrepreneurship, Virginia Commonwealth University.
Do men and women differ systematically in their cooperation behaviors? Researchers have long grappled with this question, and studies have returned equivocal results. We developed an evolutionary perspective according to which men are characterized by greater intrasex variability in cooperation as a result of sex-differentiated psychological adaptations. We tested our hypothesis in two meta-analyses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFolia Morphol (Warsz)
January 2020
Department of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Priština-Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia.
Background: We investigated diameters of prevertebral - V1, and atlantic - V3 parts of extradural segment of vertebral artery (VA). Variable results from the literaturę about VA diameters reflect variety of diagnostic and imaging methods, various sample sizes, different levels of measurements, and lack of possible specific ethnic, regional or genetic data. Additionally, the data are often without distinctions of left-right or of sex.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrthop J Sports Med
November 2018
Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Background: Distraction of the hip joint is a necessary step during hip arthroscopic surgery. The force of traction needed to distract the hip is not routinely measured, and little is known about which patient factors may influence this force.
Purpose: To quantify the force of traction required for adequate distraction of the hip during arthroscopic surgery and explore the relationship between hip joint stiffness and patient-specific demographics, flexibility, and anatomy.
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