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Virtual reality for reduction of intraprocedural pharmacological sedation and analgesia in adult patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med

January 2025

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montréal, QC, Canada; Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Background: Pharmacological sedation and analgesia are used to alleviate discomfort during awake medical procedures but can cause adverse effects like apnea and hypoxemia, increasing the need for airway management and prolonging recovery. Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a non-pharmacological intervention to reduce the need for procedural sedatives and analgesics.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted, assessing the impact of VR immersion on intraprocedural sedation and analgesia usage in adults (≥ 18 years).

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Objective: To evaluate the impact of adding epidural dexmedetomidine to low-concentration patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) on pain control and side effects in total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods: In this double-blind study, American Society of Anesthesiologists I to II patients undergoing TKA were assigned to receive 0.125% bupivacaine + fentanyl 4 µg/mL (group R) or 0.

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Cannabis has been consumed for centuries, but global regulatory changes over the past three decades have increased the availability and consumption of cannabis. Cannabinoids are touted to have therapeutic potential for many diseases and could be a replacement for opioids for analgesia and sedation. However, cannabinoids can cause substantial adverse cardiovascular events that would mitigate any potential benefit.

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Does perioperative electroacupuncture reduce postoperative pain in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy?

Front Vet Sci

January 2025

Department for Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Section of Anaesthesiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the analgesic efficacy of perioperative electroacupuncture in fifty-six healthy female dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy as part of a catch-neuter-release project.

Materials And Methods: Ten minutes after sedation with 20 μg/kg medetomidine combined with 0.3 mg/kg butorphanol intramuscularly, the dogs were randomly allocated into two groups and received either electroacupuncture (EA, = 27) or sham acupuncture (C, = 29) treatment for 10 min (after sedation until the end of the surgery) at 6 different acupuncture points LI-4 (Large intestine 4), LIV-3 (Liver 3), ST-36 (Stomach 36), SP-6 (Spleen 6) bilateral.

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BACKGROUND Butorphanol, an opioid receptor agonist and antagonist, is widely used for post-cesarean section analgesia in the form of intravenous or intramuscular injection, but nasal sprays are less used. This study aimed to evaluate the analgesic effect of butorphanol nasal spray on uterine contraction pain after cesarean section and explore its effect on postpartum prolactin secretion. MATERIAL AND METHODS We randomly divided 120 patients scheduled for cesarean section into 3 groups (40 per group): intranasal saline (control), butorphanol intranasal (BI), and butorphanol pumped intravenously (BV).

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