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Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2(SGLT-2) inhibitors are a newer class of antidiabetic drugs with the increased risk of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis(EuDKA). Encephalopathy is a rare but life-threatening event of EuDKA. Due to paradoxically normal or slightly elevated serum glucose levels, it's easy to be mimicked by cerebral infarction, structural brain damage, thus leading to delayed diagnosis and causing seriously irreversible brain injury.

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Objective: Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) can worsen the clinical condition of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. One non-invasive and easily bedside-performed technique to estimate ICP is ultrasonographic measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD). This study aimed to analyze ONSD and correlate it with ICP values obtained by intraparenchymal monitoring to establish the ONSD threshold value for elevated ICP and reference range of ONSD in severe TBI patients.

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Background And Objectives: Historically, Indigenous American (IA) populations have faced barriers to adequate health care. Although IA people experience higher rates of traumatic brain injury-related mortality than other racial groups in the United States, attributes of their neurosurgical care have not been evaluated. We demonstrate and compare care patterns and outcomes in IA and non-IA adults with acute neurosurgical injuries and identify disparities limiting access to medical care.

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Background: Group B streptococcus (GBS) causes neonatal invasive disease, mainly sepsis and meningitis. Understanding the clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, and antibiotic resistance patterns of GBS invasive infections provides reliable epidemiological data for preventing and treating GBS infections.

Methods: Clinical characteristics and laboratory test results from 86 patients with neonatal invasive disease (45 cases of early-onset disease [EOD] and 41 cases of late-onset disease [LOD]) recruited from Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital between January 2012 and December 2021 were analyzed.

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Background And Aim: The NLRP3 inflammasome can be activated after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), triggering an inflammatory response in the brain. Chinese herbal medicine Zhongfeng Xingnao Prescription (ZFXN) is commonly used in China for intracerebral hemorrhage treatment. However, the underlying treatment mechanism of it is unclear.

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