Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the content, format, and comprehension of test items and responses developed for use in a computer adaptive test (CAT) of physical function for children with cerebral palsy (CP).
Methods: After training in cognitive interviewing techniques, investigators defined item intent and developed questions for each item. Parents of children with CP (n = 27) participated in interviews probing item meaning, item wording, and response choice adequacy and appropriateness.
Results: Qualitative analysis identified 3 themes: item clarity; relevance, context, and attribution; and problems with wording or tone. Parents reported the importance of delineating task components, assistance amount, and environmental context.
Conclusion: Cognitive interviewing provided valuable information about the validity of new items and insight to improve relevance and context. We believe that the development of CATs in pediatric rehabilitation may ultimately reduce the impact of the issues identified.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PEP.0b013e31818ac500 | DOI Listing |
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.
Objective: To explore the interventions for change in oral health behaviour that are effective in improving oral health behaviours in 8 to 18-year-old children during oral health promotion.
Methods: The Joanna Briggs Institute framework of evidence synthesis for conducting a scoping review was implemented for the methodology. Included studies related to the objective, measured clinical or non-clinical outcomes, were in English, 2011-2023, and were experimental, observational or reviews.
Br J Dermatol
January 2025
Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA.
Background: The prevalence and burden of atopic dermatitis (AD) are disproportionately high in individuals with skin of colour (SOC). Previous research shows that risk for xerosis and/or dyspigmentation is heightened in this population and may be more bothersome. However, there are no patient-reported instruments developed specifically for these disease sequelae in patients with SOC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAging Ment Health
January 2025
Department of Social Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Objectives: The concept of successful aging has been criticized for overlooking the experiences of older adults aging with disabilities, which may accentuate segregation and consolidate inequities. This qualitative study explored how older people living with early-onset mobility disabilities define successful aging, whether their definitions differ from those proposed by academia and from those of older people without disabilities, and to what extent older people with motor disabilities perceive themselves as aging successfully.
Method: Thirty-two people (20 women, 12 men) aged over 60 and living with motor disabilities for a minimum of 20 years were interviewed about their definition of successful aging and whether they considered that they were aging successfully.
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol
January 2025
School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Aim: To explore the views of patients, caregivers, and dental professionals on the factors that influence implementation, processes, and effectiveness of a guided self-help cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) intervention, 'Your teeth, you are in control' (YTYAIC), in the CALM trial.
Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted as part of this qualitative component of the process evaluation, and data were analysed using a framework approach based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and the Five Areas Model of CBT.
Results: Thirty-seven participants were recruited.
Neuroethics
July 2024
Department of Philosophy, Savery Hall, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
Neurotechnological cognitive enhancement has become an area of intense scientific, policy, and ethical interest. However, while work has increasingly focused on ethical views of the general public, less studied are those with personal connections to cognitive impairment. Using a mixed-methods design, we surveyed attitudes regarding implantable neurotechnological cognitive enhancement in individuals who self-identified as having increased likelihood of developing dementia (n=25; 'Our Study'), compared to a nationally representative sample of Americans (n=4726; 'Pew Study').
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