During the course of analyzing circular DNA in mouse thymocytes, novel recombinants were identified with immunoglobulin heavy chain joining gene and switch region probes. These circles represent excision products of recombination between the heptamer-nonamer motif for V-(D)-J joining and a repetitive sequence for class switching. The molecular mechanisms that generate "hybrid circles" are discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.173.3.743 | DOI Listing |
Biopolymers
March 2025
Departmento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universidad Jaume I, Castellón, Spain.
We report the reversible redox-controlled DNA condensation using a simple dicationic diphenylalanine derivative which contains a disulfide unit as linker. Despite the conventional belief that DNA condensing agents require a charge of +3 or higher, this dicationic molecule functions below its critical aggregation concentration, representing a non-canonical DNA condensing agent. The interaction with DNA of the studied compound combines electrostatic effects with hydrophobic/stacking interactions provided with the diphenylalanine moiety.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Hepatol
January 2025
Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health concern. The current sequential endpoints for the treatment of HBV infection include viral suppression, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion, functional cure, and covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) clearance. Serum hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg) is an emerging HBV marker comprising three components: HBeAg, hepatitis B core antigen, and p22cr.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMitochondrial retrograde signaling (MRS) pathways relay the functional status of mitochondria to elicit homeostatic or adaptive changes in nuclear gene expression. Budding yeast have "intergenomic signaling" pathways that sense the amount of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) independently of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), the primary function of genes encoded by mtDNA. However, MRS pathways that sense the amount of mtDNA in mammalian cells remain poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Viral Hepat
February 2025
Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People's Republic of China.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the main pathogen for HCC development. HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) forms extra-host chromatin-like minichromosomes in the nucleus of hepatocytes with host histones, non-histones, HBV X protein (HBx) and HBV core protein (HBc).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNucleic Acids Res
January 2025
Ophthalmology, University of North Carolina, 130 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA.
Adeno-associated virus (AAV) inverted terminal repeats (ITRs) induce p53-dependent apoptosis in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). To interrogate this phenomenon, a synthetic ITR (SynITR), harboring substitutions in putative p53 binding sites was generated and evaluated for vector production and gene delivery. Replication of SynITR flanked transgenic genome was similar compared to wild type (wt) ITR, with a modest increase in vector titers.
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