Intense axisymmetric oscillations driven by suprathermal ions injected in the direction counter to the toroidal plasma current are observed in the DIII-D tokamak. The modes appear at nearly half the ideal geodesic acoustic mode frequency, in plasmas with comparable electron and ion temperatures and elevated magnetic safety factor (q_{min}>or=2). Strong bursting and frequency chirping are observed, concomitant with large (10%-15%) drops in the neutron emission. Large electron density fluctuations (n[over ]_{e}/n_{e} approximately 1.5%) are observed with no detectable electron temperature fluctuations, confirming a dominant compressional contribution to the pressure perturbation as predicted by kinetic theory. The observed mode frequency is consistent with a recent theoretical prediction for the energetic-particle-driven geodesic acoustic mode.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.185001 | DOI Listing |
Phys Rev Lett
July 2022
ENEA, Fusion and Nuclear Safety Department, Via E. Fermi 45, 00044 Frascati, Italy.
Kinetic instabilities driven by runaway electrons (REs) have recently received attention in the fusion community as a means to control and diagnose REs in a tokamak. Experiments aimed at studying such kinetic instabilities have been performed at the Frascati Tokamak Upgrade (FTU), where different families of waves have been identified, from wide-band bursting emissions to quasi-monochromatic waves and sharp lines, in the presence of REs with energies from a few to tens of MeV. A specific family of waves with intense kinetic drive was directly observed for the first time, during both the early Ohmic plasma start-up and the current ramp-up.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev E
April 2022
Department of Physics, Atomic and Laser Physics sub-Department, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom.
The study of parametric instabilities has played a crucial role in understanding energy transfer to plasma and, with that, the development of key applications such as inertial confinement fusion. When the densities are between 0.11n_{c}≲n_{e}≲0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
March 2022
Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA.
Plasma convection in the Earth's magnetosphere from the distant magnetotail to the inner magnetosphere occurs largely in the form of mesoscale flows, i.e., discrete enhancements in the plasma flow with sharp dipolarizations of magnetic field.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev E
June 2020
Instituut voor Theoretische Fysica, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
When a particle moves through a spatially random force field, its momentum may change at a rate which grows with its speed. Suppose moreover that a thermal bath provides friction which gets weaker for large speeds, enabling high-energy localization. The result is a unifying framework for the emergence of heavy tails in the velocity distribution, relevant for understanding the power-law decay in the electron velocity distribution of space plasma or more generally for explaining non-Maxwellian behavior of driven gases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
September 2019
Sorbonne Université, Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, UMR7605, F-75252, Paris, France.
Suprathermal electrons are routinely generated in high-intensity laser produced plasmas via instabilities driven by non-linear laser-plasma interaction. Their accurate characterization is crucial for the performance of inertial confinement fusion as well as for performing experiments in laboratory astrophysics and in general high-energy-density physics. Here, we present studies of non-thermal atomic states excited by suprathermal electrons in kJ-ns-laser produced plasmas.
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