There has long been great interest in the clinical research community for automated support of clinical trials management. At the core of such efforts is formal specification of protocol knowledge. Building a clinical-trial knowledge base is a complex task involving software engineers and domain experts. As part of our Epoch ontological framework for clinical trials management, we have developed TrialWiz, an authoring tool for encoding a clinical-trial knowledge base. The main goals of TrialWiz are to manage the complexity of the protocol-encoding process and to improve efficiency in knowledge acquisition. TrialWiz provides intelligent guidance through the process of acquiring clinical-trial knowledge; graphical user interfaces intuitive to clinical trialists; a repository of reusable knowledge; and facilities to export the knowledge in different formats. We have successfully used TrialWiz to encode example clinical trials at the Immune Tolerance Network (ITN). In this presentation, we will demonstrate the intuitive authoring of clinical trial protocols using TrialWiz and how the protocol knowledge can be used by different clinical trial management applications at run time.
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J Mol Diagn
January 2025
Labcorp Oncology (PGDx), Baltimore, MD 21224.
To help guide treatment decisions and clinical trial matching, tumor genomic profiling is an essential precision oncology tool. Liquid biopsy, a complementary approach to tissue testing, can assess tumor-specific DNA alterations circulating in the blood. Labcorp Plasma Complete is a next-generation sequencing, cell-free DNA comprehensive genomic profiling test that identifies clinically relevant somatic variants across 521 genes in advanced and metastatic solid cancers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmacol Res
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria.
Phenolic acid-rich fraction from Anisopus mannii (PhAM) contains abundance of ferulic acid, gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, and syringic acid. Among other glycolytic enzymes, in vitro, PhAM counteracted the binding of sodium orthovanadate to phosphofructokinase 1 (PFK-1), improving its activities. In a rat model of diet-induced diabetes, PhAM monotherapy reduced HbA1c by an average of 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAsia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila)
January 2025
Rescue, Repair and Regeneration Theme, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
Purpose: Recovery rate of rod photoreceptor sensitivity (S2 gradient) following a bleach is reduced in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) due to diminished delivery of retinol across a grossly altered Bruch's membrane. Since triterpenoid saponins are known to improve transport across Bruch's, we have assessed their possible use for reversing the visual deficits in AMD.
Design: Double-blind, placebo controlled randomised clinical trial.
Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol
January 2025
British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK. Electronic address:
Background: Data on the effect of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist therapy on HbA levels and new-onset diabetes are conflicting. We aimed to examine the effect of oral finerenone, compared with placebo, on incident diabetes in the Finerenone Trial to Investigate Efficacy and Safety Superior to Placebo in Patients with Heart Failure (FINEARTS-HF) trial.
Methods: In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 6001 participants with heart failure with New York Heart Association functional class II-IV, left ventricular ejection fraction 40% or higher, evidence of structural heart disease, and elevated N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels were randomly assigned to finerenone or placebo, administered orally.
Lancet Infect Dis
January 2025
Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, G5 Épidémiologie et Analyse des Maladies Infectieuses, Paris, France. Electronic address:
Background: Plasmodium vivax forms dormant liver stages (hypnozoites) that can reactivate weeks to months after primary infection. Radical cure requires a combination of antimalarial drugs to kill both the blood-stage and liver-stage parasites. Hypnozoiticidal efficacy of the liver-stage drugs primaquine and tafenoquine cannot be estimated directly because hypnozoites are undetectable.
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