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Germline copy number variants and endometrial cancer risk.
Hum Genet
December 2024
Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Article Synopsis
- Known genetic risk factors account for about one-third of familial endometrial cancer cases, but the link between rare germline copy number variants (CNVs) and cancer risk is not well understood.
- A study analyzed DNA from over 4,000 endometrial cancer patients and nearly 18,000 controls, finding that the cancer group had a significantly higher number of CNVs.
- The research identified 141 gene loci potentially related to endometrial cancer risk, highlighting a specific area (16p11.2) with recurrent deletions that could help further investigations into genetic susceptibility.
The effects of Mid-Holocene foragers on the European oyster in Denmark.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
November 2024
Department of Archaeology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
Article Synopsis
- - Oysters are crucial for marine ecosystems as they filter water, create habitats, and recycle nutrients, but their populations in Europe have declined significantly since the 19th and 20th centuries.
- - The field of oyster restoration in aquaculture is gaining attention for its potential to improve ecosystem resilience and biodiversity, yet restoring their populations requires a challenging understanding of historical ecological baselines before human impact.
- - Analysis of over 2,000 ancient oyster shells in Denmark reveals the effects of human harvesting on oyster size and age, indicating that older oysters existed in the Mesolithic era compared to the Neolithic, and offering insights for sustainable harvesting and current restoration efforts amid climate change.
Morphology of Copper Nanofoams for Radiation Hydrodynamics and Fusion Applications Investigated by 3D Ptychotomography.
Nano Lett
August 2024
Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States.
The performance of metal and polymer foams used in inertial confinement fusion (ICF), inertial fusion energy (IFE), and high-energy-density (HED) experiments is currently limited by our understanding of their nanostructure and its variation in bulk material. We utilized an X-ray-free electron laser (XFEL) together with lensless X-ray imaging techniques to probe the 3D morphology of copper foams at nanoscale resolution (28 nm). The observed morphology of the thin shells is more varied than expected from previous characterizations, with a large number of them distorted, merged, or open, and a targeted mass density 14% less than calculated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSub-micron colloidosomes with tuneable cargo release prepared using epoxy-functional diblock copolymer nanoparticles.
J Colloid Interface Sci
December 2024
Dainton Building, Department of Chemistry, Brook Hill, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK.
Hypothesis: Pickering emulsions stabilized using epoxy-functional block copolymer nanoparticles should enable the formation of sub-micron colloidosomes that are stable with respect to Ostwald ripening and allow tuneable small-molecule cargo release.
Experiments: Epoxy-functional diblock copolymer nanoparticles of 24 ± 4 nm were prepared via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT)-mediated dispersion polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) in n-dodecane. Sub-micron water-in-n-dodecane Pickering emulsions were prepared by high-pressure microfluidization.
Twisted and Disconnected Chains: Flexible Linear Tetracuprous Arrays and a Decanuclear Cu Cluster as Blue- and Green/Yellow-Light Emitters.
Inorg Chem
July 2024
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kennesaw State University, 370 Paulding Avenue NW, MD # 1203, Kennesaw, Georgia 30144, United States.
Article Synopsis
- Defined arrays of transition metal ions with tailored ligands enhance the design of their physical properties, particularly for Group 11 metals like copper, which are efficient photoluminescence (PL) emitters due to unique interactions.
- A study reveals a tetracuprous array that forms a helical Cu complex and can rearrange to create a nanosized Cu cluster, demonstrating various luminescent behaviors with varying quantum yields.
- The research combines synthesis, crystallography, and computational methods to link molecular structure with photoluminescence properties, highlighting the potential of these materials in OLED applications.
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