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Assessing the knowledge, attitudes and practices of healthcare staff and students regarding disposal of unwantead medications: a systematic review.
BMJ Open
December 2024
Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London Faculty of Medicine, London, UK
Objectives: We sought to review studies that examine healthcare professionals' and students' knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) regarding medication disposal. We also explore recommendations and barriers related to appropriate medication disposal.
Design: A systematic review was conducted that adhered to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.
Public contributions to R&D of medical innovations: A framework for analysis.
Health Policy
December 2024
Austrian Institute for Health Technology Assessment (AIHTA), Vienna, Austria.
Background And Objective: Article 57 of the proposed European Union (EU) Pharmaceutical Legislation (PL, Directive) will require market authorization applicants to publicly declare any direct financial support for R&D received from public authorities. Our research aims to identify the categories needed to capture direct or indirect public contributions to R&D, provide a framework for standardized reporting of public contributions, and reduce ambiguity in the interpretation of "direct" and "indirect" public contributions.
Methods: An iterative mixed-methods approach is applied: a targeted literature review was conducted, complemented by interviews with representatives of different stakeholder groups to identify categories of public contributions to R&D, followed by searches for relevant data sources.
Prescription ethics in a low-middle income country: Thematic analysis of research from Pakistan.
J Pak Med Assoc
November 2024
Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
The ethics of physician prescriptions is a matter of global concern. While commonalities exist in reasons for unethical prescribing practices such as physician incentivization by pharmaceutical companies, the underlying social determinants may be different across countries and socioeconomic strata. This scoping review has collected themes from publications around prescription ethics from Pakistan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrganophosphate pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables in Nigeria: prevalence, environmental impact, and human health implications.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
December 2024
African Food Research Network, Gauteng, 0002, Pretoria, South Africa.
Pesticides have become indispensable in modern agriculture, aiding in crop protection, and ensuring food security. However, their extensive use has raised concerns about environmental contamination and human health risks. This manuscript reviews the prevalence of organophosphate pesticide (OPP) use in Nigerian agriculture and explores methods for detecting pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVariations in brain glutamate and glutamine levels throughout the sleep-wake cycle.
Biol Psychiatry
December 2024
Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha W. University, Seoul 03760, South Korea; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha W. University, Seoul 03760, South Korea; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha W. University, Seoul 03760, South Korea. Electronic address:
Background: Glutamatergic signaling is essential for modulating synaptic plasticity and cognition. However, the dynamics of glutamatergic activity over the 24-hour sleep-wake cycle, particularly in relation to sleep, remain poorly understood. This study aims to investigate diurnal variations in brain Glx levels-representing the combined concentrations of glutamate and glutamine-in humans and to explore their implications for cognitive performance and sleep pressure.
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