Objective: To determine pathophysiologic effects of phenylbutazone on the equine right dorsal colon (RDC).
Animals: 12 healthy adult horses.
Procedures: A controlled crossover observational study was conducted. Clinical and serum variables, colonic inflammation (histologic grading), and measurement of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) concentrations, ingesta volatile fatty acid (VFA) content, and arterial blood flow in the RDC were evaluated for a 21-day period in horses administered phenylbutazone (8.8 mg/kg, PO, q 24 h) or a control substance.
Results: Data from 8 horses were analyzed. Plasma albumin concentrations decreased significantly from days 10 to 21 during phenylbutazone treatment, compared with results during the same days for the control treatment. Phenylbutazone treatment caused neutropenia (< 3.0 x 10(3) cells/microL). No other clinical or hematologic abnormalities were detected for phenylbutazone or control treatments. Two horses developed colitis while receiving phenylbutazone. No significant differences were detected in the RDC between phenylbutazone and control treatments for MPO activity, MDA and PGE(2) concentrations, and histologic evidence of inflammation. Arterial blood flow in the RDC was significantly increased during phenylbutazone treatment, compared with values for the control treatment. Differences were identified in VFA production during phenylbutazone treatment, compared with the control treatment, with a decrease in acetic acid concentrations over time.
Conclusions And Clinical Relevance: Prolonged phenylbutazone administration caused hypoalbuminemia, neutropenia, changes in RDC arterial blood flow, and changes in VFA production. Veterinarians should monitor serum albumin concentrations and neutrophil counts and be cautious when making dosing recommendations for phenylbutazone treatment of horses.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.69.11.1496 | DOI Listing |
Genes Environ
December 2024
Division of Genome Safety Science, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-Ku, 210-9501, Japan.
Background: Previously, Japanese Environmental Mutagen and Genome Society/Mammalian Mutagenicity Study Group/Toxicogenomics Study Group (JEMS/MMS toxicogenomic study group) proposed 12 genotoxic marker genes (Aen, Bax, Btg2, Ccnf, Ccng1, Cdkn1a, Gdf15, Lrp1, Mbd1, Phlda3, Plk2, and Tubb4b) to discriminate genotoxic hepatocarcinogens (GTHCs) from non-genotoxic hepatocarcinogens (NGTHCs) and non-genotoxic non-hepatocarcinogens (NGTNHCs) in mouse and rat liver using qPCR and RNA-Seq and confirmed in public rat toxicogenomics data, Open TG-GATEs, by principal component analysis (PCA). On the other hand, the U.S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Vet Intern Med
December 2024
School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, 5391 Warrego Hwy, Gatton, Queensland, 4343, Australia.
Background: Phenylbutazone is prescribed for laminitis-associated pain and decreases glucose and insulin responses to an oral glucose test (OGT) in horses with insulin dysregulation (ID).
Hypothesis/objectives: Investigate the effect of phenylbutazone administration on the enteroinsular axis in horses.
Animals: Sixteen horses, including 7 with ID.
J Zoo Wildl Med
September 2024
Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
The pharmacokinetic profile of selected NSAIDs in southern black rhinoceros () were studied. Phenylbutazone (PBZ), meloxicam (MEL), and firocoxib (FIR) were administered orally to five captive, black rhinoceros, and blood was collected at predetermined time points for NSAID quantification and noncompartmental pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis. Phenylbutazone 4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrobiol Res
November 2024
Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Laboratory of Infection and Microbiology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China. Electronic address:
Antimicrobial resistance has been an increasingly serious threat to global public health. The contribution of non-antibiotic pharmaceuticals to the development of antibiotic resistance has been overlooked. Our study found that the anti-inflammatory drug phenylbutazone could protect P.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Divers
July 2024
Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, 62514, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
Pyrazole heterocycle is regarded as an extremely significant agent for the therapy of inflammation. Celecoxib, lonazolac, deracoxib, and phenylbutazone are examples of commercially approved pyrazole drugs with COX-2 inhibitory potential for curing inflammation. There have been recently many reviews for the biological significance of pyrazole derivatives.
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