We examine manipulating the electromagnetic (EM) wave with an external static magnetic field (ESMF) taking advantage of the versatility of the magnetic photonic crystal (PC). The effect of a nonuniform ESMF on the permeability of the constituent magnetic material in the PC is demonstrated to create a gradient of the effective optical index in the crystal, leading to the focusing of the EM wave, with a magnetically tunable focal length, focused waist radius, and the intensity at the focus.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.33.002476 | DOI Listing |
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Epidemiology, Epidemiology Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) onset is caused by genetic and environmental factors. Vitamin D has been identified as contributing environmental risk factor, with higher prevalence at latitudes further from the equator. Mongolia, at 45°N, has limited sunlight exposure, increasing the population's risk for vitamin D deficiency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiol Imaging Cancer
January 2025
From the Department of Radiology, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, 203 Fulham Road, London SW3 6JJ, England (J.D.S., L.K., L.P., J.M., N.K., D.M.K., E.J.); Institute of Cancer Research, London, England (N.P., D.M.K.); and Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands (W.O.).
Purpose To compare visual versus quantitative ablation confirmation for identifying local tumor progression and residual tumor following microwave ablation (MWA) of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Materials and Methods This retrospective study included patients undergoing MWA of CRLM from October 2014 to February 2018. Two independent readers visually assessed pre- and postprocedure images and semiquantitatively scored for incomplete ablation, using a six-point Likert scale, and extracted quantitative imaging metrics of minimal ablative margin (MAM) and percentage of tumor outside of the ablation zone, using both rigid and deformable registration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanomaterials (Basel)
January 2025
Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical and Health Textile Materials, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
Although materials with infrared camouflage capabilities are increasingly being produced, few applications exist in clothing fabrics. Here, graphene/MXene-modified fabric with superior infrared camouflage, Joule heating, and electromagnetic shielding capabilities all in one was prepared by simply scraping a graphene slurry onto alkali-treated cotton fabrics, followed by spraying MXene. The functionality of the modified fabrics after different treatment times was then tested and analyzed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMar Drugs
January 2025
Section of Food and Nutrition, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland.
A rise in antimicrobial resistance coupled with consumer preferences towards natural preservatives has resulted in increased research towards investigating antimicrobial compounds from natural sources such as macroalgae (seaweeds), which contain antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer compounds. This study investigates the antimicrobial activity of compounds produced by the Irish seaweed against and , bacterial species which are relevant for food safety. Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), ultrasound-microwave-assisted extraction (UMAE), and conventional extraction technologies (maceration) were applied to generate extracts from , followed by their preliminary chemical composition (total phenolic content, total protein content, total soluble sugars) and antimicrobial activity (with minimum inhibitory concentration determined by broth microdilution methods), examining also the molecular weight distribution (via high performance size exclusion chromatography) and oligosaccharide fraction composition (via high-performance liquid chromatography) of the polysaccharides, as they were the predominant compounds in these extracts, aiming to elucidate structure-function relationships.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiosensors (Basel)
January 2025
Furong Labratory, Changsha 410083, China.
A fluorescence probe for "switch-on" detection of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was developed based on Au nanoclusters anchored MnO nanosheets (Au NCs-MnO NSs), which were synthesized using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as template through a simple one-pot approach. In the sensing system, MnO NSs function as both energy acceptors and target identifiers, effectively quenches the fluorescence of Au NCs via fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). The presence of ALP catalyzes the hydrolysis of L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate (AAP) to ascorbic acid (AA), reducing MnO NSs to Mn and facilitate the fluorescence recovery of Au NCs.
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