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Maize consumption and circulating aflatoxin levels in Mexican middle- and older-aged adults: a cross-sectional analysis.
Am J Clin Nutr
December 2024
Center for Research on Population Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico; Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States. Electronic address:
Background: Maize is frequently contaminated by aflatoxin B (AFB), an established liver carcinogen.
Objectives: The objective of this study is to estimate the effect of maize and maize tortilla consumption on AFB-lysine adduct (AFB-lys) concentrations in middle- and older-aged adults living in south and eastern Mexico.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis in a representative sample of 915 adults aged ≥40 y living in south and eastern Mexico in 2018-2019.
Theoretical Insight into Antioxidant Mechanism of Caffeic Acid Against Hydroperoxyl Radicals in Aqueous Medium at Different pH-Thermodynamic and Kinetic Aspects.
Int J Mol Sci
November 2024
Institute of Natural Products and Cosmetics, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 2/22, 90-537 Lodz, Poland.
In this study, the DFT/M062X/PCM method was applied to investigate thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of reactions involved in possible mechanisms of antioxidant activity of caffeic acid against HOO radicals in aqueous medium at different pH values. Kinetic parameters of the reactions involved in HAT (Hydrogen Atom Transfer), RAF (Radical Adduct Formation), and SET (Single Electron Transfer) mechanisms, including reaction energy barriers and bimolecular rate constants, were determined, and identification and characterization of stationary points along the reaction pathways within HAT and RAF mechanisms were performed. Inspection of geometrical parameters and spin densities of the radical products formed within HAT and RAF mechanisms revealed that they are stabilized by hydrogen bonding interactions and the odd electron originated through the reaction with the HOO radical is spread over the entire molecule, resulting in significant radical stabilization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenome-modified Caenorhabditis elegans expressing the human cytochrome P450 (CYP1A1 and CYP1A2) pathway: An experimental model for environmental carcinogenesis and pharmacological research.
Environ Int
December 2024
Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), like benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), arise from incomplete combustion and are found in sources like tobacco smoke and charbroiled food, posing cancer risks.
- Researchers genetically modified the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to include human CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and epoxide hydrolase to study the effects of BaP exposure, observing changes in behavior and reproductive performance, such as increased pharyngeal pumping and decreased brood size.
- The findings revealed that the humanized worms experienced more severe reproductive toxicity and genetic mutations when exposed to BaP, highlighting the potential of these modified organisms for improving research practices while working towards the
Nucleophilicity of the Nitrile N Atom Whose Lone Pair Is Blocked by Metal Coordination. The π-Hole Interaction between an Arene Carbon and the Metal-Bound Nitrile Nitrogen.
Inorg Chem
December 2024
Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation.
Cocrystallization of CuI with NCNMe in the presence of substituted perfluoroarenes─iodoperfluorobenzene (IFB), 4,4'-diiodoperfluorobiphenyl (4,4'-FIBP), and 4-bromoperfluorobenzonitrile (4-BrFBN)─led to the formation of three types of adducts ·2(IFB), ·4,4'FIBP, and ·4-BrFBN ( is CuI(NCNMe)), all studied by X-ray crystallography. In these cocrystals, the coordinated nitrile N atom (whose electron pair is engaged in metal coordination) still acts as an electron donor, forming π-hole interactions, specifically, π-hole···N, with the perfluoroarenes. These interactions were examined in the context of their occurrence alongside other interactions involving C atoms of the electron-deficient aromatic rings and nucleophilic atoms of the copper cluster.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEthylene oxide exposure increases impaired glucose metabolism in the US general population: a national cross-sectional study.
Environ Health Prev Med
December 2024
Department of Gastroenterology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University.
Article Synopsis
- Ethylene oxide (EO) exposure has been linked to disruptions in glucose metabolism, potentially increasing the risk of prediabetes and diabetes, but this association hasn't been thoroughly studied in larger populations.
- The study analyzed data from over 15,000 participants in the NHANES from 2017 to 2020, measuring EO exposure through hemoglobin adducts and evaluating its effects on glucose metabolism indicators using various statistical methods.
- Results showed that higher levels of EO exposure significantly correlated with increased risks of prediabetes (up to 33%) and diabetes (up to 61%), especially among obese and non-smoking individuals, while also suggesting that EO exposure might aggravate
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