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Variation in a single allele drives divergent yield responses to elevated CO between rice subspecies.
Nat Commun
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
Rising atmospheric CO generally increases yield of indica rice, one of the two main Asian cultivated rice subspecies, more strongly than japonica rice, the other main subspecies. The molecular mechanisms driving this difference remain unclear, limiting the potential of future rice yield increases through breeding efforts. Here, we show that between-species variation in the DNR1 (DULL NITROGEN RESPONSE1) allele, a regulator of nitrate-use efficiency in rice plants, explains the divergent response to elevated atmospheric CO (eCO) conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRevisiting the emerging pathosystem of rice sheath blight: deciphering the virulence, host range, and rice genotype-based resistance.
Front Plant Sci
December 2024
Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
Sheath blight, caused by AG1 IA, is a challenging disease of rice worldwide. In the current study, nine isolates, within the anastomosis group AG-1 IA, were isolated, characterized based on their macroscopic and microscopic features, as well as their ability to produce cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs), and further molecularly identified via ITS sequencing. Although all isolates were pathogenic and produced typical sheath blight symptoms the susceptible rice cultivar, Sakha 101, AG1 IA -isolate SHBP9 was the most aggressive isolate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImproving resistance to lepidopteran pests and herbicide using Sanming dominant genic male sterile rice ( L.).
Front Plant Sci
December 2024
Institute of Wetland Agriculture and Ecology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.
In order to improve both resistance to lepidopteran pests and resistance to the herbicide imazethapyr in mainstay varieties of the Huang-Huai rice region, Sanming dominant genic male sterile (S-DGMS) rice was used as a platform to facilitate the pyramiding of functional genes and the replacement of the genomic background. Twelve novel lines were developed, each carrying a crystal toxin gene conferring resistance to lepidopteran pests and the allele conferring resistance to herbicide imazethapyr in the background of a mainstay variety. The genomic background of the 12 novel lines was examined using 48 specified molecular markers, and each line carried less than two polymorphic markers relative to the corresponding mainstay variety.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopment of in vitro oral processing model for different rice: Effects of saliva volume and chewing time on physicochemical properties of rice boluses.
Food Chem
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiaxing Institute of Future Food, Jiaxing 314050, China. Electronic address:
The in vitro model is widely preferred for digestion research due to its simplicity, reproducibility, and ethical advantages. However, the differences between in vivo and in vitro digestion present challenges. This study first developed an in vitro oral processing system to explore the influence of saliva volume and chewing time on the physicochemical properties of japonica rice (JR), indica rice (IR), and waxy rice (WR).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparison of leaf anatomical structure and photosynthetic characteristics between weedy rice and cultivated rice at the seedling stage.
Sci Rep
December 2024
College of Life Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
To explore the internal factors related to the strong growth and competitive ability of weedy rice during the seedling period, we collected two biotypes of Japonica weedy rice from Northeast China, four biotypes of Indica weedy rice from Eastern China and Southern China, and two biotypes of cultivated rice, Zhendao-8 (ZD-8) and Shanyou-63 (SY-63), which were used as controls in a pot experiment. Under homogeneous garden planting conditions, we measured the vascular bundle size (VBS), vascular bundle number (VBN), leaf thickness (LT), air cavity size (ACS), stomatal size (SS), stomatal density (SD), net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and stomatal conductance (Gs) of the weedy and cultivated rice biotypes. A comprehensive analysis was performed to explore the correlation between the seedling leaf structure and the photosynthetic indices of the biotypes.
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