Background: Recent data indicate that the autologous serum skin test (ASST) shows a high rate of reactivity not only in chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU) but also in cases with non-allergic asthma and rhinitis (NAAR), multiple drug allergy syndrome (MDAS) and even in some healthy people. Aim. To evaluate ASST reactivity in patients with CIU, allergic/non-allergic asthma or rhinitis and in healthy controls.
Methods: We studied 80 patients with CIU, 40 non-atopic patients with NAAR, 57 patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and allergic bronchial asthma (ABA), and 45 healthy controls. ASST was performed in all patients and controls, and it was considered positive when a serum-induced weal with a diameter 1.5 mm greater than the negative (saline) control, surrounded by erythema, was present.
Results: In total, 42 patients with CIU showed ASST reactivity (52.5%). ASST was found to be positive in 8 of 40 patients with NAAR (20%). The rate was similar (17.5%) in the AR/ABA patient group. However, 25 healthy controls (55.5%) also had positive ASST. The highest rate was in female controls and in individuals in the 18-30-year-old age group.
Conclusion: The data indicate that ASST positivity might be a nonspecific phenomenon, influenced by many factors. In the light of the results of this study, we suggest that the significance of ASST reactivity should be re-evaluated in CIU. In addition, the importance of ASST reactivity in patients with AR/ABA and in patients with NAAR remains unclear, and further controlled studies are needed.
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