Three hundred and fifty children at the age of 3 months to 6 years under diverse social conditions were observed in dynamics for the periods of 1 to 3 years. The main tasks of the study were development of schemes and methods for prophylactic use of the Viferon ointment and estimation of its efficacy in acute viral respiratory tract infection. Season changes in the interferon genesis were revealed and no such dynamics in the children with frequent infections was shown. The ointment was applied according to the developed procedure intranasally in a daily dose of 1 g every day for the first 2 weeks and 3 times a week for the following 2-4 weeks. Interferon correctable and immunomodulating effects of the ointment were detected, the same as its favourable impact on the number of the acute respiratory tract infection cases including those under the conditions of the infant school adaptation. Its favourable effect was also observed in children with frequent infections during their immunorehabilitation. The most pronounced clinical and immunomodulating effects were revealed in young children.
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