A general multistage (stepwise) procedure is proposed for dealing with arbitrary gatekeeping problems including parallel and serial gatekeeping. The procedure is very simple to implement since it does not require the application of the closed testing principle and the consequent need to test all nonempty intersections of hypotheses. It is based on the idea of carrying forward the Type I error rate for any rejected hypotheses to test hypotheses in the next ordered family. This requires the use of a so-called separable multiple test procedure (MTP) in the earlier family. The Bonferroni MTP is separable, but other standard MTPs such as Holm, Hochberg, Fallback and Dunnett are not. Their truncated versions are proposed which are separable and more powerful than the Bonferroni MTP. The proposed procedure is illustrated by a clinical trial example.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bimj.200710464 | DOI Listing |
Sensors (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia.
The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a crucial element in everyday life. The IoT environment is currently facing significant security concerns due to the numerous problems related to its architecture and supporting technology. In order to guarantee the complete security of the IoT, it is important to deal with these challenges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Lagos State Health Management Agency, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: Each year, millions of people in low-and middle-income countries such as Nigeria are forced into poverty and financial ruin due to out-of-pocket (OOP) healthcare expenses. Our study assessed the prevalence and determinants of Catastrophic Healthcare Expenditure (CHE) experienced by households in Lagos, Nigeria.
Methods: A descriptive community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted on 2492 households in Lagos from December 2022 to March 2023 in 4 Local Government Areas (LGAs) using a multistage sampling technique.
PLoS One
January 2025
Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Robina, QLD, Australia.
Police tactical group (PTG) officers respond to the most demanding and high-risk police situations. As such, PTG personnel require exceptional physical fitness, and selection for employment often evaluates fitness both directly and indirectly. While heart rate (HR) is often used to measure physical effort, heart rate variability (HRV) may be a valuable tool for measuring stress holistically.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSports (Basel)
January 2025
Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, I.J. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland.
Schools provide an ideal setting for enhancing adolescents' health and fitness. Short-term intensive interventions are particularly relevant, but the effectiveness of plyometric exercises in jointly improving aerobic and anaerobic performance remains uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of plyometric-based training, in the form of interval workouts during physical education lessons, on power and endurance in adolescents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrev Med Rep
January 2025
Institute of General Practice, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Nuernberg, Germany.
Objective: HAPpEN aims to implement and evaluate a holistic general practitioner-centered, interdisciplinary obesity management strategy in rural Germany, focusing on feasibility, health outcomes, and economic benefits.
Methods: HAPpEN is a 12-month, pragmatic single-arm, multicenter trial, informed by a formative survey, and initiated in April 2023 with 98 obese participants (body mass index, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m) in Kulmbach, Germany. The program integrates nutritional counseling, physical activity, and behavior change techniques, including smartphone-based self-monitoring.
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