The craving for alcohol was studied using 2 Russian and 4 international scales, including ratings of the clinician and self-rating of the patient. Depression and anxiety as well as the content of alcohol in exhaled air were assessed. The data were compared to the scores of the Impulsive Relapse Questionnaire. Eighteen patients were studied. The prolonged conscious or insurmountable or poorly controlled drive for alcohol was rare in patients in the remission. Most of patients do not notice such a drive though it was found with the corresponding scales. The craving for alcohol is more often caused by the environment factors related as to alcohol as well to non-specific stress factors and represents a transient impulsive phenomenon that leads to the relapse of disease.
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JMIR Res Protoc
December 2024
Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University,, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.
Background: Caregiver-involved treatments for adolescents with alcohol use disorder and co-occurring disorders (AUD+CODs) are associated with the best treatment outcomes. Understanding what caregiving practices during treatment improve core adolescent treatment targets may facilitate the refinement and scalability of caregiver-involved interventions. Caregiving is dynamic, varying by context, affect, and adolescent behavior.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJCI Insight
December 2024
Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology Section, Translational Addiction Medicine Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, NIH, Baltimore and Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
BACKGROUNDStudies have demonstrated the role of ghrelin in alcohol-related behaviors and consumption. Blockade of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR), which is the ghrelin receptor, has been shown to decrease alcohol drinking and reward-related behaviors across several animal models. We previously conducted a human study testing a GHSR inverse agonist/competitive antagonist, PF-5190457, in individuals who are heavy drinkers and showed its safety when coadministered with alcohol.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExpert Opin Pharmacother
December 2024
Forel Clinic, Addiction Treatment Center, Switzerland.
Introduction: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is prevalent and recognized as a chronic, relapsing disorder. Even though effective treatment options are available, AUD is strongly undertreated. As adjuvant treatment strategies accompanying psychosocial treatments, pharmacological strategies can increase the efficacy of AUD treatment options.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNew therapeutic approaches for alcohol dependence (AD) include virtual reality (VR)-based treatments offering scalable options for cue exposure (CE), a well-established strategy in cognitive behavioral therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and tolerability of a new VR-CE paradigm. On an explorative basis, factors influencing the induction of craving were examined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJMIR Mhealth Uhealth
December 2024
see Acknowledgments, .
Background: Adolescence is a period characterized by an increased susceptibility to developing risky alcohol consumption habits. This susceptibility can be influenced by social and situational factors encountered in daily life, which, in conjunction with emotions and thoughts, contribute to behavioral patterns related to alcohol use even in the early stages of alcohol experimentation, when initial experiences with alcohol are formed, and regular consumption is still evolving.
Objective: This study aimed to examine the association between detailed behavioral and movement patterns, along with emotional and cognitive factors, and the early onset of alcohol use in the everyday lives of adolescents.
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