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Neuropathological contributions to grey matter atrophy and white matter hyperintensities in amnestic dementia.
Alzheimers Res Ther
January 2025
Laboratory for Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, IdISSC, Crta M40, km38, Madrid, 28223, Spain.
Background: Dementia patients commonly present multiple neuropathologies, worsening cognitive function, yet structural neuroimaging signatures of dementia have not been positioned in the context of combined pathology. In this study, we implemented an MRI voxel-based approach to explore combined and independent effects of dementia pathologies on grey and white matter structural changes.
Methods: In 91 amnestic dementia patients with post-mortem brain donation, grey matter density and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) burdens were obtained from pre-mortem MRI and analyzed in relation to Alzheimer's, vascular, Lewy body, TDP-43, and hippocampal sclerosis (HS) pathologies.
Biomarkers.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Centre for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Background: KLOTHO-VS heterozygosity (KL-VS) has been posited to be a protective factor against age-related disease and cognitive decline, having been associated with increased cortical volumes and brain connectivity, as well as improved cognition in healthy elderly individuals. Conversely, the APOE-ε4 allele is a primary risk factor for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), with ε4 carriers more likely to have greater β-amyloid burden, earlier age of AD onset, and accelerated rates of cognitive decline. Relatively few studies have investigated the interaction between these two genetic factors, with those that have presenting conflicting findings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimer's Imaging Consortium.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Centre for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Background: KLOTHO-VS heterozygosity (KL-VShet+) has been posited to be a protective factor against age-related disease and cognitive decline, having been associated with increased cortical volumes and brain connectivity, as well as improved cognition in healthy elderly individuals. Conversely, the APOE-e4 allele is a primary risk factor for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), with e4 carriers more likely to have greater ß-amyloid burden, earlier age of AD onset, and accelerated rates of cognitive decline. Relatively few studies have investigated the interaction between these two genetic factors, with those that have presenting conflicting findings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChanging or validating physician opioid prescribing behaviors through audit and feedback and academic detailing interventions in primary care.
Implement Res Pract
January 2025
Institute for Health System Solutions and Virtual Care, Women's College Research and Innovation Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Background: In Ontario, Canada, province-wide initiatives supporting safer opioid prescribing in primary care include voluntary audit and feedback reports and academic detailing. In this process evaluation, we aimed to determine the fidelity of delivery and receipt of the interventions, the observed change strategies used by physicians, potential mechanisms of action, and how complementary the initiatives can be to each other.
Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with academic detailers and with physicians who received both interventions.
Strange features are no better than no features: predator recognition by untrained birds.
Anim Cogn
January 2025
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, České Budějovice, 370 05, Czech Republic.
Predator recognition is essential for prey survival, allowing for appropriate antipredator strategies. Some bird species, such as the red-backed shrike (Lanius collurio), distinguish not only between predators and non-threatening species but also between different predator species. Earlier studies have identified general predator "key features", especially beak shape and talons, as critical for predator recognition.
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