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Soybean oil supplement induces increased approaching behavior to humans and alters serotonin concentrations in horses.
J Equine Vet Sci
January 2025
Department of Horse, Companion, and Wild Animal Science, College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Kyungpook National University, Buksangju-ro 2559, Sangju, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37224, Republic of Korea; Research Institute for Innovative Animal Science, Kyungpook National University, Buksangju-ro 2559, Sangju, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37224, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Enhancement of human-horse interaction is crucial for safety in equine management, as poor relationships between humans and horses can lead to accidents. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that is highly related to social affinity in animals and several studies have been documented that supplementation of tryptophan, which is a precursor of serotonin, can increase calmness of horses. This study aimed to assess the effect of tryptophan through soybean oil supplementation on serotonin concentrations and the behavior of horses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA unique substrate specificity of PonAAS2, an aromatic aldehyde synthase, involved in a phytohormone auxin biosynthesis in a gall-inducing sawfly Euura sp. "Pontania".
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem
January 2025
Advanced Analysis Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Japan.
The aromatic aldehyde synthase (AAS), PonAAS2, from the gall-inducing sawfly has been identified as a biosynthetic enzyme for indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a key molecule of the plant hormone auxin, which is thought to play a role in gall induction. Unlike other insect AASs that convert Dopa, PonAAS2 uniquely converts L-tryptophan (Trp) into indole-3-acetaldehyde, a precursor of IAA. In this study, an examination of AAS enzymes from various insect species revealed that the ability to convert Trp has been acquired in only a very limited taxonomic group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHorizontal and longitudinal targeted metabolomics in healthy pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus.
Acta Diabetol
January 2025
Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Objective: The objective is to investigate the differences in urinary organic acid (OA) profiles and metabolism between healthy control (HC) pregnant women and those with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during the second trimester and third trimester of pregnancy.
Methods: A total of 66 HC pregnant women and 32 pregnant women with GDM were assessed for 107 hydrophilic metabolites in urine samples collected during the second and third trimester of pregnancy using tandem mass spectrometry. The urine OA profiles for each group were obtained, and metabolomic analysis and discussion were conducted.
Comparing the efficacy of serotonin and EGTA on postpartum hypocalcemia.
J Dairy Sci
January 2025
Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53701. Electronic address:
Inducing a transient state of hypocalcemia prepartum mobilizes stored calcium (Ca) before the abrupt demand for Ca at parturition thus more tightly regulating postpartum hypocalcemia. Prepartum transient hypocalcemia can be achieved through intravenous infusions of either the precursor to serotonin, 5-hydroxy-tryptophan (5HTP) or a Ca chelating agent, ethylene-glycol-tetraacetic acid (EGTA). This study aimed to compare the ability of 5HTP and EGTA treatments to prevent postpartum hypocalcemia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFπ-π stacking interactions in tryptophan-lumiflavin-tyrosine: a structural model for riboflavin insertion into riboflavin-binding protein.
J Mol Model
January 2025
Department of Natural Sciences, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, MI, 48128, USA.
Context: Riboflavin (RF), also known as B2 vitamin, is the precursor to flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), two co-enzymes involved in many electron transport processes. Interactions of the isoalloxazine ring, common to all three compounds, are of great interest due to their biological function in flavoproteins and relevance in the transport by the carrier protein leading to development of drug delivery strategies and non-invasive diagnostics techniques. Based on protein crystallographic data, a computational investigation of the interactions in the complexes between lumiflavin, a model compound, and aromatic amino acids, tyrosine and tryptophan, was pursued with the goal of characterizing noncovalent interactions.
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