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An evaporite sequence from ancient brine recorded in Bennu samples.
Nature
January 2025
Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Evaporation or freezing of water-rich fluids with dilute concentrations of dissolved salts can produce brines, as observed in closed basins on Earth and detected by remote sensing on icy bodies in the outer Solar System. The mineralogical evolution of these brines is well understood in regard to terrestrial environments, but poorly constrained for extraterrestrial systems owing to a lack of direct sampling. Here we report the occurrence of salt minerals in samples of the asteroid (101955) Bennu returned by the OSIRIS-REx mission.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA fractal-fractional order modeling approach to understanding stem cell-chemotherapy combinations for cancer.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Mathematics, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, India.
The main objective of this work is to study the mathematical model that combines stem cell therapy and chemotherapy for cancer cells. We study the model using the fractal fractional derivative with the Mittag-Leffler kernel. In the analytical part, we study the existence of the solution and its uniqueness, which was studied based on the fixed point theory.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHelioseismic inference of the solar radiative opacity.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA.
The Sun is the most studied of all stars, and thus constitutes a benchmark for stellar models. However, our vision of the Sun is still incomplete, as illustrated by the current debate on its chemical composition. The problem reaches far beyond chemical abundances and is intimately linked to microscopic and macroscopic physical ingredients of solar models such as radiative opacity, for which experimental results have been recently measured that still await theoretical explanations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of Evaporation and Body Thermal Plume on Cough Droplet Dispersion and Exposure Risk for Queuing People.
Life (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310012, China.
The transmission of virus-containing droplets among multiple people in an outdoor environment is seldom evaluated. In this study, an Euler-Lagrange computational fluid dynamics approach was used to investigate the effects of evaporation and the body thermal plume on the dispersion of coughed droplets under various wind conditions, and the infection risk was evaluated for various arrangements of individuals queuing outdoors using virtual manikin models. The evaporation time was longer for larger droplets and in a more humid environment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOn the Differential and the Integral Value of Information.
Entropy (Basel)
January 2025
Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
A quantitative expression for the value of information within the framework of information theory and of the maximal entropy formulation is discussed. We examine both a local, differential measure and an integral, global measure for the value of the change in information when additional input is provided. The differential measure is a potential and as such carries a physical dimension.
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