This work aims to calculate the conversion coefficients from air kerma to ambient dose equivalent, H*(10)/K(air) for photon beams produced by linear accelerators, such as the Clinac-4, Clinac-6, Clinac-18 and Clinac-2500, after transmission through primary barriers of radiotherapy treatment rooms. Concrete walls of thickness 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0m were irradiated with 30cmx30cm primary beam spectra. The transmitted spectra were calculated to obtain the conversion coefficients for beams found in radiotherapy services. The calculations were done using the MCNP-4B Monte Carlo code. The results indicate the need to use a factor of about 1.20 to obtain the ambient dose equivalent for radiation surveys near primary barriers using instruments calibrated in air kerma.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2008.08.012 | DOI Listing |
Anal Chem
January 2025
Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea.
Cyclic voltammetry (CV) has been a powerful technique to provide impactful insights for electrochemical systems, including reaction mechanism, kinetics, diffusion coefficients, etc., in various fields of study, notably energy storage and energy conversion. However, the separation between the faradaic current component of CV and the nonfaradaic current contribution to extract useful information remains a major issue for researchers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China.
Thermoelectric technology enables the direct and reversible conversion of heat into electrical energy without air pollution. Herein, the stability, electronic structure, and thermoelectric properties of methoxy-functionalized MC(OMe) (M = Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, and W) were systematically investigated using first-principles calculations and semiclassical Boltzmann transport theory. All MXenes, except those with M = Cr, Mo, and W, can be synthesized by substituting Cl- and Br-functionalized MXenes with deprotonated methanol, with stability governed by the M-O bond strength.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Background: The ability to detect cognitive impairment from Alzheimer Disease (AD) in its earliest possible symptomatic stage is a highly desirable characteristic for neuropsychological measures. Because early cognitive changes are often subtle, measures with high sensitivity are of great importance. Variability in attention, often assessed using reaction time (RT) tasks, have been shown to discriminate between cognitively normal older individuals with and without positive AD biomarkers and is correlated with biological markers of neurodegeneration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Phys
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Efficient Low-carbon Energy Conversion and Utilization of Jiangsu Provincial Higher Education Institutions, School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
Despite the conventional view of liquid aluminum (l-Al) as a simple metal governed by the free-electron model, it exhibits unique bonding characteristics. This study uncovers a gradual transition from free electron to electride behavior in l-Al at high pressure and temperature, forming a type of two-component liquid where atomic and electride states coexist. The proportion of electride increases with pressure and temperature until reaching saturation, leading to notable changes in the pair-correlation function and coordination number of l-Al at saturation pressure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Guizhou Coalfield Geology Bureau, Guizhou, 550016, China.
In-situ stress plays a pivotal role in influencing the desorption, adsorption, and transportation of coalbed methane. The reservoir gas content represents a pivotal physical parameter, encapsulating both the coalbed methane enrichment capacity and the underlying enrichment law of the reservoir. This investigation collates, computes, and consolidates data concerning pore pressure, breakdown pressure, closure pressure, triaxial principal stress, gas content, lateral pressure coefficient, and other pertinent variables from coal reservoirs within several coal-bearing synclines in the Liupanshui coalfield, China.
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