Personalized therapeutics: HIV treatment in adolescents.

Adolescents infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) represent a heterogeneous group of pubertal children and young adults. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) in adolescents is complex and depends on multiple factors. The continued use of higher (weight- or surface-based) pediatric doses can result in potentially toxic drug exposure, whereas early introduction of lower adult doses can lead to the development of drug resistance and virologic failure. The physiological and psychosocial changes during puberty create strong grounds for an individualized therapeutic approach in HIV-infected adolescents.