It was shown that the two-way interaction between neurons of the frontal cortex and n. accumbens progressively increases, whereas their regularity simultaneously decreases with the rise in impulsiveness and drop in self-control in behavior. In case of the long-latency instrumental reactions, a control of the frontal cortex neurons by neurons of the n. accumbens weakens during presentation of conditioned stimuli only in "impulsive" animals, which is correlated with low network activity of the n. accumbens. Comparison of patterns of fronto-accumbal interactions during performance of the same type of activity revealed similar correlations in the neuronal pairs before and during presentation of conditioned stimuli, whereas different patterns corresponded to different types of activity.
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World J Gastroenterol
January 2025
Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou Medical Center, Changzhou 213000, Jiangsu Province, China.
Background: Anxiety is a common comorbidity in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). Data on the imaging characteristics of brain microstructure and cerebral perfusion in CD with anxiety are limited.
Aim: To compare the imaging characteristics of brain microstructure and cerebral perfusion among CD patients with or without anxiety and healthy individuals.
Clin Kidney J
January 2025
Kidney Transplant and Robotic Surgery Center, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan.
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant risk factor for cerebrovascular disease. However, there is limited research on how successful living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) affects cerebral blood flow (CBF). This study aims to comprehensively investigate how LDKT influences CBF across various brain levels and regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFiScience
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
Learned action sequences are suggested to be organized hierarchically, but how the various hierarchical levels are processed by different cortical regions remains largely unknown. By training monkeys to perform heterogeneous saccade sequences, we investigated the role of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the lateral intraparietal cortex (LIP) in sequence planning and execution. The electrophysiological recording revealed that sequence-level initiation information was mostly signaled by DLPFC neurons, whereas subsequence-level transition was largely encoded by LIP neurons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurol Sci
January 2025
Neurology Department One, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 6, Fangxingyuan Community, Fangzhuang, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100078, People's Republic of China.
Background: Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by its aggressive nature. Its main clinical features include autonomic dysfunction, Parkinson's disease, and cerebellar ataxia.
Methods: We conducted a comprehensive review of the existing literature, exploring studies and reports related to the mechanisms and treatment of multiple system atrophy related neurogenic bladder.
Behav Brain Res
January 2025
Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF).
Background: While Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is frequently associated with impulsivity, its structural brain substrates are still poorly defined. The triadic model of addiction postulates that impulsive behavior is regulated by an amygdalo-striatal impulsive subcomponent, a prefrontal and cerebellar reflective subcomponent, and an insular regulatory subcomponent. The objective of this study was thus to examine the relationships between self-evaluated impulsivity and structural brain abnormalities in patients with severe AUD (sAUD) using the triadic model as a theoretical framework.
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