The volume of stationary phase is extremely important for the estimation of thermodynamic information such as entropy and Gibbs free energy in HPLC. However, the definition of this volume strongly depends on the conditions chosen. In the present mini review the partitioning model of small molecules at low concentrations and methanol as modifier is assumed. All the other conditions that could influence the volume of the stationary phase like the thickness of the phase, the area of the phase, the order of C18-chains, the density of the chains, the temperature etc. had to be considered and are therefore reviewed in the present work. The results of the theoretical considerations and a new method of surface estimation were used to calculate the stationary phase volume.
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Sensors (Basel)
January 2025
Beijing Aerospace Automatic Control Institute, Beijing 100854, China.
The traditional method is capable of detecting and tracking stationary and slow-moving targets in a sea surface environment. However, the signal focusing capability of such a method could be greatly reduced especially for those variable-speed targets. To solve this problem, a novel tracking algorithm combining range envelope alignment and azimuth phase filtering is proposed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
January 2025
Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Seville, Spain.
Variable-speed electrical drive control typically relies upon a two-loop scheme, one for torque/speed and another for stator current control. In modern drive control methods, the actual mechanical speed is needed for both loops. In practical applications, the speed is often acquired by incremental rotary encoders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomolecules
January 2025
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Subtropical Horticulture Research Station (SHRS), Miami, FL 33158, USA.
Tea tree oil (TTO), acquired from (Maiden & Betche) Cheel, Myrtaceae, is a widely utilized essential oil (EO) due to its bioactive properties. The identification and quantification of TTO ingredients is generally performed by GC-MS, which provides the most accurate results. However, in some instances, the cost and time of analysis may pose a challenge.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Total Environ
January 2025
Department of Geography, Royal Holloway University of London, Surrey, UK.
Future climate projections are expected to have a substantial impact on boreal lake circulation regimes. Understanding lake sensitivity to warmer climates is therefore critical for mitigating potential ecological and societal impacts. The Holocene Thermal Maximum (HTM; ca 7-5 ka BP) provides a valuable analogue to investigate lake responses to warmer climates devoid of major anthropogenic influences.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci
January 2025
College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China; Hebei Forage Microbial Technology Innovation Center, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China; Hebei Agriculture Waste Resource Utilization Engineering Research Center, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China. Electronic address:
s: This study aimed to prepare a new separation medium, silane coupling agent KH570- modified halloysite nanotube (MPS-HNT) monolithic column, with excellent separation performance for small molecular compounds and macromolecular proteins. This was prepared using the principle of redox polymerization with modified HNTs as monomers. The optimal monomer proportion was obtained by optimizing the ratio of monomer, cross-linker, and pore-forming agent, which was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption, and mercury intrusion.
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