[Evolution of the mitochondrial DNA and its expression system--comparison between animal and plant kingdom].

The information about features of the Eukaryotic cells is maintained not only in the nucleus, but also in the extranuclear genomes localized in mitochondria and chloroplasts. Comparison between plant and animal mitochondrial genomes allows to perceive two extremely distinct evolution strategies. Animals clearly tend to reduce the size of the mitochondrial genome to the minimum. In accordance with this, the simplification in decoding of genetic information present in the genome is observed. On the contrary, plant mitochondrial genomes tend to increase their size. Accumulation of extraordinary solutions for maintaining and expression of genetic information present in the genome is the second distinctive feature of plant mitochondria.