[Dysentery and amoebiasis in Poland in 2006].

The number of notified as shigellosis, bacillary dysentery cases in the three last years (2004, 2005, 2006) is lower and lower and is the lowest of all years since 1918 when notification started. Only 35 cases were notified in the year 2006, while 80 were notified in 2005 (incidence rate 0.21/100 000 population), and 74 cases in 2004 (incidence rate 0.19/100 000 population). No one-death case was notified. The last three death cases were notified in 1999. No one outbreak was registered. Twelve cases got infection while being abroad. S. flexneri was found only in 41% of with shigellosis patients and 60% of infected food handlers, S. sonnei was dominating, isolated from 59% of patients and from all contacts and carriers but only from 40% of healthy food handlers examined. Two cases of S. boydii infections were found. Such structure of etiology is indicating that only few cases among children and young persons were diagnosed. In the period of low frequency of Shigella infections, the external quality assessment control of the quality of bacteriological media, laboratory and prae-laboratory procedures for detection of different Shigella groups and types should be executed. The increasing number of amoebic dysentery was registered: 21 cases in 2006 incidence rate 0.05/100 000 but only 2 cases in 2005. The cases were registered in 8 out of 16 voivodeships probably imported from underdeveloped countries. It is a new emerging problem.