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Congenital Lung Anomalies in Adults.

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September 2024

From San Lucas Diagnóstico, 25 de Mayo 1941, 3300, Posadas, Argentina (M.M.N.); Department of Radiology, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina (G.D.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (C.S.R.); Departments of Radiology (R.K., N.R., D.V.) and Pathology (N.S.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO; and Department of Radiology, Hospital San Juan de Dios, HT Médica, Córdoba, Spain (J.B.).

Congenital lung anomaly (CLA) refers to a rare group of malformations that are typically identified prenatally or in early childhood. However, a significant proportion of cases evade detection until adulthood and either are incidentally discovered or manifest with symptoms of recurrent respiratory infection or pulmonary hemorrhage. While most CLAs have characteristic imaging findings at CT and MRI, they remain a diagnostic challenge due to the infrequency with which they are encountered in adults.

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The gradually progressive solitary cystic-solid mass of chest CT scans is highly suggestive of lung cancer. We report a case of a 29-year-old woman with a persistent cystic-solid lesion in the right upper lobe. A chest CT scan showed a 35 mm × 44 mm × 51 mm focal cystic-solid mass in the anterior segment of the right upper lobe.

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Article Synopsis
  • Pulmonary nodules are common in lung-related medical practice, with causes ranging from infection to cancer, and an unusual condition known as placental transmogrification of the lung (PLC) being exceedingly rare.
  • PLC typically presents as single lesions in asymptomatic males, but this case is unique as it involves a young female with bilateral nodules.
  • The identified nodules in this patient were larger than typical PLC cases and demonstrated growth over an 8-year period, which is uncommon for this condition.
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Placental transmogrification of the lung (PTL) is a rare pulmonary condition characterized by the presence of immature placental villous structures. The etiology and molecular mechanisms underlying this disease remain largely unknown. This functional study aimed to identify the molecular signatures in the pathogenesis of PTL via comprehensive transcriptome analysis.

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