Purpose: To characterize patterns and determinants of normal and abnormal cognitive development in children with new onset epilepsy compared to healthy controls.

Methods: Longitudinal (2-year) cognitive growth was examined in 100 children, age 8-18 years, including healthy controls (n = 48) and children with new onset epilepsy (n = 52). Cognitive maturation was examined as a function of the presence/absence of two neurobehavioral comorbitiies (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and/or academic problems) identified at the time of epilepsy diagnosis. Groups were compared across a comprehensive neuropsychological battery assessing intelligence, academic achievement, language, memory, executive function, and psychomotor speed.

Results: Children with new onset epilepsy without neurobehavioral comorbidities were comparable to healthy controls at baseline, rate of cognitive development, and follow-up assessment across all neuropsychological domains. In contrast, the presence of neurobehavioral comorbidities was associated with significantly worse baseline and prospective cognitive trajectories across all cognitive domains, especially executive functions.

Conclusion: The presence of neurobehavioral comorbidities at the time of epilepsy onset is a major marker of abnormal cognitive development both prior to and after the onset of epilepsy.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2921826PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01735.xDOI Listing

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